Nov 2003 Paper 3.pdf

N03/410/S(3)

IB DIPLOMA PROGRAMME

PROGRAMME DU DIPLÔME DU BI

PROGRAMA DEL DIPLOMA DEL BI

Candidate number

BIOLOGY

STANDARD LEVEL

PAPER 3

Monday 17 November 2003 (morning)

1 hour

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES

y Write your candidate number in the box above.

y Do not open this examination paper until instructed to do so.

y Answer all of the questions from two of the Options in the spaces provided. You may continue

your answers on answer sheets. Write your candidate number on each answer sheet, and attach

them to this examination paper using the tag provided.

y At the end of the examination, indicate the letters of the Options answered in the candidate box

on your cover sheet and indicate the number of answer sheets used in the appropriate box on

your cover sheet.

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Option A – Diet and Human Nutrition

A1.

Retinol (vitamin A) deficiency is a major nutritional problem in India. Normally a good source of

retinol in the diet is β–carotene in green, leafy vegetables, which the body converts into active

retinol. Food scientists wanted to see if drying leaves of two species of crop plant would retain

their nutritional value. Savoy beets ( Beta vulgaris ) and fenugreek ( Trigonella foenum graecum )

were treated in a low temperature drier and stored for nine months at room temperature or 8C

(cold storage). The leaves were packed in one plastic bag (single packed) or in two plastic

bags, one inside the other, (double packed). The results are shown in the table below.

β–carotene / mg per 100 g of leaves

Plant

Savoy beet

Fenugreek

Storage

Single packed

Double packed

Single packed

Double packed

Temperature

Room

Cold

Room

Cold

Room

Cold

Room

Cold

Start

38.7

After 3 months

28.4

30.9

33.7

32.8

27.9

28.5

28.7

29.4

After 6 months

23.4

25.3

28.0

30.1

19.4

24.5

23.4

26.0

After 9 months

18.3

18.2

17.9

21.1

8.9

21.1

12.3

23.2

[Source: S Negi and S K Roy (2001), Plant Foods for Human Nutrition , 56 , pages 285–295]

(a)

Calculate the percentage loss of β–carotene from the Savoy beets after nine months when

they are

(i)

single packed and cold stored

............................................

(ii)

double packed and cold stored.

...........................................

[2]

(b)

Outline one function of retinol.

[1]

.........................................................................

[2]

(c)

Compare the effect of storage after six months at room temperature on the β–carotene levels

in the Savoy beet with fenugreek.

.........................................................................

(This question continues on the following page)

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(Question A1 continued)

(d)

Evaluate the effects of double packing these leaf tissues.

[2]

.........................................................................

(e)

Suggest why there is a difference between single packing and double packing of the dried

leaves.

[1]

.........................................................................

[2]

A2.

(a)

List the groups of macromolecules which provide energy in the diet.

.........................................................................

(b)

Discuss the variation in energy requirements as a child grows to maturity.

[4]

.........................................................................

Turn over

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A3.

(a)

Define the term nutrient .

[1]

.........................................................................

(b)

Discuss the relationship between nutrition and rickets.

[3]

.........................................................................

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N03/410/S(3)

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