Concurrent Programming in JavaTM_ Design - Lea_ Doug.pdf - Concurrent Programming in JavaTM_ Design (416) - superktos86

Concurrent Programming in Java™: Design Principles and Patterns,

Second Edition

By Doug Lea

ISBN: 0-201-31009-0

Pages: 432

• Table of

Contents

Acknowledgments

Chapter 1. Concurrent Object-Oriented Programming

Section 1.1. Using Concurrency Constructs

Section 1.2. Objects and Concurrency

Section 1.3. Design Forces

Section 1.4. Before/After Patterns

Chapter 2. Exclusion

Section 2.1. Immutability

Section 2.2. Synchronization

Section 2.3. Confinement

Section 2.4. Structuring and Refactoring Classes

Section 2.5. Using Lock Utilities

Chapter 3. State Dependence

Section 3.1. Dealing with Failure

Section 3.2. Guarded Methods

Section 3.3. Structuring and Refactoring Classes

Section 3.4. Using Concurrency Control Utilities

Section 3.5. Joint Actions

Section 3.6. Transactions

Section 3.7. Implementing Utilities

Chapter 4. Creating Threads

Section 4.1. Oneway Messages

Section 4.2. Composing Oneway Messages

Section 4.3. Services in Threads

Section 4.4. Parallel Decomposition

Section 4.5. Active Objects

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Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are

claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book and Addison-Wesley was

aware of a trademark claim, the designations have been printed in initial caps or all caps.

Duke™ designed by Joe Palrang.

Sun Microsystems, Inc. has intellectual property rights relating to implementations of the

technology described in this publication. In particular, and without limitation, these intellectual

property rights may include one or more U.S. patents, foreign patents, or pending applications.

Sun, Sun Microsystems, the Sun Logo, and all Sun, Java, Jini, and Solaris based trademarks and

logos are trademarks or registered trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc. in the United States and

other countries. UNIX is a registered trademark in the United States and other countries,

exclusively licensed through X/Open Company, Ltd.

As used in this book, the terms "Java virtual machine" and "JVM" mean a virtual machine for the

Java platform.

THIS PUBLICATION IS PROVIDED "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,

EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED

WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, OR

NON-INFRINGEMENT.

THIS PUBLICATION COULD INCLUDE TECHNICAL INACCURACIES OR

TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS. CHANGES ARE PERIODICALLY ADDED TO THE

INFORMATION HEREIN; THESE CHANGES WILL BE INCORPORATED IN NEW

EDITIONS OF THE PUBLICATION. SUN MICROSYSTEMS, INC. MAY MAKE

IMPROVEMENTS AND/OR CHANGES IN ANY TECHNOLOGY, PRODUCT, OR

PROGRAM DESCRIBED IN THIS PUBLICATION AT ANY TIME.

The author and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this document, but make no

expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no responsibility for errors or omissions.

No liability is assumed for incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out

of the use of the information or programs contained herein.

Library of Congress Card Number 99-066823

publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form, or by any

means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior consent of

the publisher. Printed in the United States of America. Published simultaneously in Canada.

Text printed on recycled and acid-free paper.

2 3 4 5 6 7 - MA - 02 01 00 99

Second printing, November 1999

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Acknowledgments

This book began as a small set of Web pages that I put together in spring 1995, while trying to

make sense of my own early attempts to use Java concurrency features in experimental

development efforts. Then it grew; first on the World Wide Web, where I extended, expanded, and

removed patterns to reflect my and other people's increasing experience with Java concurrency;

and now into this book, which places patterns within the broader perspective of concurrent

software development. The web pages also live on, but they now serve as a supplement to the

conceptual presentations best suited to book form.

There have been many changes along the way, in a process that has benefited from commentary,

suggestions, errata reports, and exchanges with many kind and knowledgeable people. These

include Ole Agesen, Tatsuya Aoyagi, Taranov Alexander, Moti Ben-Ari, Peter Buhr, Bruce

Chapman, Il-Hyung Cho, Colin Cooper, Kelly Davis, Bruce Eckel, Yacov Eckel, Saleh

Elmohamed, Ed Falis, Randy Farmer, Glenn Goldstein, David Hanson, Jyrki Heikkinen, Alain

Hsiung, Jerry James, Johannes Johannsen, Istvan Kiss, Ross Knippel, Bil Lewis, Sheng Liang,

Jonathan Locke, Steve MacDonald, Hidehiko Masuhara, Arnulf Mester, Mike Mills, Trevor

Morris, Bill Pugh, Andrew Purshottam, Simon Roberts, John Rose, Rodney Ryan, Joel Rosi-

Schwartz, Miles Sabin, Aamod Sane, Beverly Sanders, Doug Schmidt, Kevin Shank, Yukari

Shirota, David Spitz, David Stoutamire, Henry Story, Sumana Srinivasan, Satish Subramanian,

Jeff Swartz, Patrick Thompson, Volker Turau, Dennis Ulrich, Cees Vissar, Bruce Wallace, Greg

Wilson, Grant Woodside, Steve Yen, and Dave Yost, as well as people who submitted anonymous

electronic mail commentary.

The members of Ralph Johnson's patterns seminar (especially Brian Foote and Ian Chai) read

through early forms of some patterns and suggested many improvements. Raj Datta, Sterling

Barrett, and Philip Eskelin of the New York City Patterns Group, and Russ Rufer, Ming Kwok,

Mustafa Ozgen, Edward Anderson, and Don Chin of the Silicon Valley Patterns Group performed

similar valuable service for preliminary versions of the second edition.

Official and unofficial reviewers of the first- and second-edition manuscripts made helpful

comments and suggestions on tight schedules. They include Ken Arnold, Josh Bloch, Joseph

Bowbeer, Patrick Chan, Gary Craig, Desmond D'Souza, Bill Foote, Tim Harrison, David

Henderson, Tim Lindholm, Tom May, Oscar Nierstrasz, James Robins, Greg Travis, Mark Wales,

Peter Welch, and Deborra Zukowski. Very special thanks go to Tom Cargill for his many insights

and corrections, as well as for permission to include a description of his Specific Notification

pattern. Very special thanks also go to David Holmes for, among many contributions, helping to

develop and extend material for tutorials that in turn became included in the second edition.

Rosemary Simpson contributed numerous improvements in the course of creating the index. Ken

Arnold patiently helped me deal with FrameMaker. Mike Hendrickson and the editorial crew at

Addison-Wesley have been continually supportive.

This book would not have been possible without the generous support of Sun Labs. Thanks

especially to Jos Marlowe and Steve Heller for providing opportunities to work collaboratively on

fun and exciting research and development projects.

Thanks above all to Kathy, Keith, and Colin for tolerating all this.

Doug Lea, September, 1999

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