Naval History 2011-06.pdf

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June 2011 I Volume 25 I Number 3

U.S. Naval Institute I www.usni.org

18 Ships That Were Lighter Than Air

By Norman Polmar

The U.S. Navy’s flirtation with a zeppelin fleet of

“flying aircraft carriers” dazzled the public but was

doomed to crash.

24 Picking Winners?

By Richard B. Frank

FDR’s secret list of top flag officers in 1942 offers a

lesson in 20/20 hindzsight—especially coznsidering

who’s not on the list.

32 Where Naval Aviation History Is Manifest

By Hill Goodspeed

The centennial year zof the naval branch zthat forever

altered sea warfare is the ideal time to visit the

National Naval Aviation Museum.

36 The Reverend of Iwo oJima

By Major General Jarvis D. Lynch Jr.,

U.S. Marine Corps (oRetired)

Garrison commander, spymaster, Buddhist

priest—Tsunezo Wachi was a complex character, a

formidable foe, and zan amazing postwar frziend.

DEPARTMENTS

4 On Our Scope

6 Looking Back

44 Hollywood on the Flighot Deck

By Eric Mills

From Hell Divers to Hot Shots! —a compendium

of cinematic naval-aviation classics, near-classics,

and clunkers.

In Contact

10 Naval History News

12 Flight Line

14 Historic Fleets

16 Historic Aircraft

50 Young Nelson in the Boreas

By Rear Admiral Joseph F. Callo,

U.S. Navy Reserve (Retired)

Up-and-coming Captainz Horatio Nelson tolerzated no

rule-bending during zhis Caribbean assigznment, not

even from his superizors.

68 Book Reviews

72 Museum Report

58 Chilean Standoff

By Howard J. Fuller

The war between Spain and the United States almost

started more than 30 years before “Remember the

Maine ,” during a tense showdown at Valparaiso, Chile.

COVER: The USS Macon prepares for mooring at Moffett Field,

California, in 1933. The massive airship made more than 50

flights before crashing in February 1935.

(U.S. Naval Institute Photo Archive)

NAVAL H I STORY • J UNE 2 0 1 1

Contributors

Richard B. Frank , a Vietnam veteran,

is author of the award-winning book

Guadalcanal: The Definitive Account of

the Landmark Battle (Random House,

1990), as well as Downfall: The End of

the Imperial Japanese Empire (Random

House, 1999) and MacArthur (2006),

part of Palgrave’s Great Generals series.

A consultant for the HBO miniseries

The Pacific , he is currently working on

a narrative-history trilogy about the

Asian-Pacific war.

Rear Admiral Joseph F. Callo, U.S.

Navy Reserve (Retired) , is author of

the award-winning biography John

Paul Jones: America’s First Sea Warrior

(Naval Institute Press, 2006) and three

books about Admiral Lord Nelson. He

also was U.S. author/editor for Who’s

Who in Naval History (Routledge, 2004)

and is an award-winning television pro-

ducer and writer. Rear Admiral Callo

writes frequently on military subjects for

magazines and newspapers, and he is

Naval History’ s 1998 Author of the Year.

Howard J. Fuller is senior lecturer

of war studies at the University of

Wolverhampton, U.K., and an associate

professor at the University of Maryland

University College. An associate editor

of the International Journal of Naval

History , Dr. Fuller is the author of Clad

in Iron: The American Civil War and

the Challenge of British Naval Power

(Naval Institute Press, 2010) and was

the 2002–3 Rear Admiral John D.

Hayes Fellow in U.S. Naval History at

the U.S. Naval Historical Center.

Hill Goodspeed is the historian at

the National Naval Aviation Museum

in Pensacola, Florida. A graduate of

Washington and Lee Universi ty,

where he was a George C. Marshall

Un d e r g r a d u a t e S c h o l a r, Mr.

Goodspeed is the author/editor of five

books, including U.S. Naval Aviation

(Naval Aviation Museum Foundation),

which was named one of the notable

naval books of 2001 by the U.S. Naval

Institute’s Proceedings .

Major General Jarvis D. Lynch Jr. ,

a 1956 graduate of the U.S. Naval

Academy, retired from active duty in

1991 after serving 35 years as an infan-

try officer in the U.S. Marine Corps.

He was the Proceedings Distinguished

Author of the Year for 1995. He and his

wife reside in Tampa, Florida.

Eric Mills , an associate editor of Naval

History and adjunct professor of his-

tory at Chesapeake College, is the

author of Chesapeake Bay in the Civil

War (Schiffer Publishing, 2010), The

Spectral Tide: True Ghost Stories of

the U.S. Navy (Naval Institute Press,

2009), and Chesapeake Rumrunners of

the Roaring Twenties (Cornell Maritime

Press, 2000).

Norman Polmar is an analyst, consul-

tant, and author specializing in naval,

aviation, and intelligence issues. For

almost 11 years he was a member of

the Secretary of the Navy’s Research

Advisory Committee. His writings

include numerous articles and books on

naval aviation, most recently the two-vol-

ume history Aircraft Carriers: A History

of Carrier Aviation and Its Influence on

World Events, 1909–2006 (Potomac

Books, 2006, 2008). Mr. Polmar is a col-

umnist for both Proceedings and Naval

History magazines.

www.USNI.org

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