constructing Architecture.pdf

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CONSTRUCTING ARCHITECTURE
ANDREA DEPLAZES ( ED.) BIRKHÄUSER
CONSTRUCTING ARCHITECTURE
MATERIALS PROCESSES STRUCTURES
A HANDBOOK
Birkhäuser – Publishers for Architecture
Basel · Boston · Berlin
 
Credits
Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich
Faculty of Architecture
Chair of Architecture and Technology I/II
Prof. Andrea Deplazes
www.deplazes.arch.ethz.ch
Editing, concept and layout
Prof. Andrea Deplazes, Christoph Elsener, Sascha Roesler, Cordula Seger, Tobias Siegrist
Picture editors
Julia Buse, Janet Schacke
Cover photo
Ruckstuhl AG carpet factory
St. Urbanstrasse 21
4901 Langenthal
Switzerland
www.ruckstuhl.com
Collaborators since 1997
Patric Allemann, Oya Atalay Franck, Marcel Baumgartner, Nik Biedermann, Matthias Blass, Tamara Bonzi, Sian Brehler, Gisela Brüllmann Roth, Kamenko Bucher, Ramun Capaul,
Maud Châtelet, Franca Comalini, Katja Dambacher, Natalina Di Iorio, Alois Diethelm, Christoph Elsener, Christine Enzmann, Serge Fayet Hemmi, Lukas Felder, Eva Geering,
Lorenzo Giuliani, Jasmin Grego, Daniel Gut, Martina Hauser, Christian Hönger, Simone Hübscher, Marius Hug, Tibor Joanelly, Dimitri Kaden, Roger Kästle, Sergej Klammer, David
Leuthold, Thomas Melliger, Urs Meister, Maria Mohl Rodriguez, Susanne Müller, Mauro Pausa, Sascha Roesler, Martin Saarinen, Cordula Seger, Tobias Siegrist, Patrik Seiler,
Roman Singer, Susanne Stacher, Katharina Stehrenberger, Mark van Kleef, Christoph Wieser, Barbara Wiskemann, Raphael Zuber
Assistants since 1997
Thomas Allemann, Hanna Åkerström, Christof Ansorge, Tamara Bonzi, Bettina Baumberger, Michael Bösch, Martin Bucher, Andreas Buschmann, Julia Buse, Corina Cadosch,
Bori Csicsely, Ueli Degen, Angela Deuber, Christiane Felber, Adrienne Fonyo, Simon Frommenwiler, Silvan Furger, Jean Lucien Gay, Jörg Grabfelder, Pedja Hadzimanovic, Valerie
Heider, Nadja Hutter, Harris Iliadis, Steffen Jürgensen, Ariane Komeda, Phillipp Lehmann, Matthias Lehner, Mikael Ljunggren, Carmelia Maissen, Sebastian Müller, Lisa Nestler,
Anastasia Paschon, Ana Prikic, Jonas Ringli, Elisabeth Rutz, Gian Salis, Janet Schacke, Florian Schätz, Sara Schibler, Julian Schramek, Cindy Schwenke, Eckart Schwerdtfeger,
Christa Vogt, Claudia Vosti, Karen Wassung, Thomas Wirz
Translation into English
Gerd H. Söffker, Philip Thrift (assistants: Carola Loth, Eva Rühle)
This book is also available in German:
Softcover:
ISBN-10: 7643-7313-X
ISBN-13: 978-3-7643-7313-9
Hardcover:
ISBN-10: 7643-7312-1
ISBN-13: 978-3-7643-7312-2
A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress, Washington, D.C., USA
Bibliographic information published by Die Deutsche Bibliothek
Die Deutsche Bibliothek list this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data is available in the internet at http://dnb.ddb.de.
This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, re-use of illustra-
tions, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in other ways, and storage in data banks. For any kind of use, permission of the copyright owner must be obtained.
© 2005 Birkhäuser – Publishers for Architecture
P.O. Box 133, 4010 Basel, Switzerland
Part of Springer Science+Business Media
Printed on acid-free paper produced from chlorine-free pulp. TCF '
Printed in Germany
Softcover:
ISBN-10: 3-7643-7189-7
ISBN-13: 978-3-7643-7189-0
Hardcover:
ISBN-10: 3-7643-7190-0
ISBN-13: 978-3-7643-7190-6
9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2
http://www.birkhauser.ch
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Contents
Introduction
Preface
10
How to use this book
11
Solid and filigree construction
13
Modules
The importance of the material
MATERIALS – MODULES
Introduction
Properties of materials
19
The perception of architectural space
20
The longevity of materials
21
Plastic
22
Example
Masonry
The pathos of masonry
23
Introduction
Properties of materials
The materials
32
Swiss clay bricks and blocks
33
Masonry terminology
35
Systems
Design and construction
36
Masonry bonds
38
Tying and reinforcing double-leaf masonry walls
42
The skill of masonry construction
43
Systems in architecture
Types of construction
49
Prefabrication
52
Concrete
On the metaphysics of exposed concrete
56
Introduction
Properties of materials
The materials
60
The concreting process
63
10 rules for the production of concrete
66
Exposed concrete surfaces
67
Floor supports, exposed concrete with internal insulation
69
Systems
The fixing of heavy external cladding (concrete)
70
The fixing of heavy external cladding (stone)
71
Chart for establishing preliminary size of reinforced concrete slabs
72
Linear structural members
73
Systems in architecture
Systems with linear members
74
Planar structural members
75
Systems with planar structural members
76
Timber
Wood: indifferent, synthetic, abstract – plastic
77
Introduction
Properties of materials
The materials
82
Wood-based products – Overview
84
Wood-based products – Layered products
85
Wood-based products – Particleboards
87
Wood-based products – Fibreboards
88
Important panel and prefabricated systems – Overview
89
Panel construction – Current developments
94
Timber construction systems – Overview
96
Systems
Platform frame construction – Construction principle
99
Chart for establishing preliminary size of timber beams
103
Conversion of a trunk in traditional Japanese timber building culture
104
Examples
The threads of the net
106
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