Common chemicals and supplies in and around your home.pdf

COMMON CHEMICALS AND SUPPLIES

IN AND AROUND YOUR HOME

Revised and updated

Compiled by

David A. Katz

Chemist, Educator, Science Communicator and Consultant

1621 Briar Hill Road, Gladwyne, PA 19035-1204

Thomas O’Brien

State University of New York at Binghamton, School of Education and Human Development

P.O. Box 6000, Binghampton, NY 13902-6000

With Mass-Volume Equivalents by

David Bonham

New Caney Intermediate,

Route 6, Box 85, New Caney, TX 77357

Mary L. Rubeck

Northwest High School,

1120 N. Tyler Road, Wichita, KS 67212

G. R. Khalsa

Department of Chemistry

Thiel College, Greenville, PA 16125

Many schools share the problem of insufficient budgets for purchasing chemicals necessary for laboratory

experiments and demonstrations. Fortunately “chemicals” are everywhere (after all, what isn’t a chemical?) and

cheap supplies of many useful chemicals can be found at local stores. This compilation lists sources as grocery

store, drug store, hardware store, garden supply, and photo store. Much of these classifications have changed and

now include supermarkets, natural food markets, hyperstores, pharmacy superstores, and home centers. Not every

store carries all these items and some may have to be special ordered.

Most of these chemicals are not reagent grade chemicals, but are C.P., U.S.P., or technical grade suitable for most

laboratory applications (See Grades of Purity for Chemicals, page 18). Using household chemicals not only can

save money and the trouble of ordering from multiple catalogs, but it is effective in encouraging students to read the

labels on products they use and thus become more “chemically literate”. In some cases, it may be necessary to

determine the percent purity of the compound from the label and adjust your “recipes” accordingly. In most cases,

the other ingredients will not significantly affect results. As always, pretesting your activities with proper

precautions (especially eye protection) is essential for pedagogical and safety implications.

Name of Chemical

Common Name

Formula

Source

————————————

—————————————

————————

———————

acetic acid

vinegar (5% solution)

CH 3 COOH

grocery store

acetic acid, glacial

photo store

stop bath (28%)

photo store

acetone

nail polish remover

CH 3 COCH 3

drug store

epoxy and fiberglass cleaner

paint store

acetone

paint store

acetylsalicylic acid

aspirin

C 9 H 8 O 4

drug store

aluminum

aluminum foil

grocery store

aluminum wire and sheet

hardware store

building supply

aluminum ammonium sulfate

ammonium alum

AlNH 4 (SO 4 ) 2

drug store

aluminum potassium sulfate

alum

KAl(SO 4 ) 2 •12H 2 O

drug store

aluminum sulfate

sulfate of aluminum

Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3

garden supply

flocculating powder

pool store

ammonia

NH 3 (aq)

grocery store

ammonium carbonate

smelling salt

(NH 4 ) 2 CO 3

drug store

ammonium chloride

sal ammoniac

NH 4 Cl

hardware store

ammonium nitrate

nitrate of ammonia

NH 4 NO 3

garden supply

amylum

corn starch

[C 6 H 10 O 5 ] n

grocery store

ascorbic acid

vitamin C

C 6 H 8 O 6

drug store

fruit fresh

grocery store

natural food store

boric acid

H 3 BO 3

drug store

eyewash solution

drug store

roach killer (solid)

hardware store

butane

lighter fuel

C 4 H 10

grocery store

caffeine

No-Doz tablets

C 8 H 10 N 4 O 2

drug store

calcium carbonate

chalk

CaCO 3

variety store

limestone

garden supply

marble chips

some antacids

drug store

calcium chloride

ice melter

CaCl 2

hardware store

road salt/deicer

pool store

Page 2

Name of Chemical

Common Name

Formula

Source

————————————

—————————————

————————

———————

calcium hydroxide

slaked lime

Ca(OH) 2

hardware store

some antacids

drug store

calcium hypochlorite

bleaching powder

Ca(ClO) 2

grocery store

chlorinating powder

pool supply

some mildew removers

hardware store

calcium oxide

quicklime

CaO

hardware store

calcium phosphate

superphosphate

Ca(H 2 PO 4 ) 2

garden supply

calcium sulfate

gypsum

CaSO 4

building supply

Plaster of Paris

hardware store

school supply

carbon

charcoal

hardware store

activated charcoal

pet store

graphite (powder)

hardware store

graphite (rod): pencil lead

stationery store

graphite (rod): carbon battery 1

toy/electronic store

carbon dioxide, solid

dry ice

CO 2

refrigeration supply

ice cream company

carbonic acid

soda water (seltzer)

H 2 CO 3

grocery store

citric acid

sour salt

C 6 H 8 O 7

grocery store

(limes, lemons, etc 2 )

drug store

copper

BB’s 3 , sheet, pipe, or wire

hardware store

building supply

copper sulfate

Bluestone algicide

CuSO 4 •5H 2 O

pool supply

copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate

Root Eater

hardware store

dichlorodifluoromethane

Freon-12

Cl 2 CF 2

auto supply

(may need permit)

ethanol

ethyl alcohol, absolute

CH 3 CH 2 OH

liquor store

ethyl alcohol, 95%

liquor store

denatured alcohol

paint store

ethyl rubbing alcohol, 70% to 95%

drug store

ethylene glycol

antifreeze

HOCH 2 CH 2 OH

auto supply

hardware store

1 See section on Making Materials for Experiments.

2 Citric acid is the principal acid in these fruits, but cannot be obtained pure from this source.

3 Some BB’s are only copper coated.

Page 3

Name of Chemical

Common Name

Formula

Source

————————————

—————————————

————————

———————

glucose

Dextrose

C 6 H 12 O 6

drug store

grocery store

natural food store

glycerol

glycerin

C 3 H 8 O 3

drug store

gold

jewelry supply

coin store

helium

party shop

welding supply

hydrochloric acid

muriatic acid

HCl

hardware store

masonry cleaner

hydrogen

H 2

welding supply

hydrogen peroxide

hydrogen peroxide, 3%

H 2 O 2

drug store

Clairoxide, 20 volume (6%)

drug store

hydrogen peroxide, beauty supply

40 volume (12%)

hypochlorous acid

laundry bleach

HClO

grocery store

hydroquinone

C 6 H 6 O 2

photo store

iodine

Tincture of iodine

I 2

drug store

(dissolved in ethanol)

iron

steel wool

hardware store

nails

hardware store

iron(III) chloride

ferric chloride

FeCl 3

drug store

iron (III) oxide

ferric oxide

Fe 2 O 3

ceramic shop

rust

kerosene

lamp oil

C n H 2n+2

gas station

home store

lactic acid

milk acid

CH 3 COHCOOH

grocery store

hardware store

latex

liquid rubber

C 5 H 8

hobby shop

isoprene

craft shop

lead

lead shot

hardware store

sinkers (fishing)

sporting goods

store

Page 4

Name of Chemical

Common Name

Formula

Source

————————————

—————————————

————————

———————

magnesium hydroxide

Milk of Magnesia

Mg(OH) 2

drug store

some antacids

drug store

magnesium silicate

Talc(um) powder

Mg 3 Si 4 O 10 (OH) 2

drug store

magnesium sulfate

Epsom salt

MgSO 4

drug store

black powder in C batteries 4

manganese dioxide

MnO 2

toy/electronic store

mercury

quicksilver

dental supply

methane

natural gas

CH 4

home gas range

methanol

methyl alcohol

CH 3 OH

paint store

wood alcohol

paint store

duplicator fluid

office supply

gas dryer and antifreeze

auto store

methylene blue

Methidote

C 16 H 18 ClN 3 S

veterinarian

methyl salicylate

oil of wintergreen

C 6 H 4 (OH)COOCH 3

grocery store

drug store

mineral oil

Nujol

drug store

naphthalene

some Moth balls

C 10 H 8

hardware store

grocery store

nickel

nickel (Canadian, pre-1983)

Canadian currency

(Note: pure nickel is magnetic)

coin store

nitrogen (liquid)

liquid air

N 2

hospital

welding/gas supply

oxygen

O 2

drug store

welding supply

oxalic acid

rust remover

HO 2 CCO 2 H

hardware store

radiator cleaner

auto supply

paradichlorobenzene

some moth balls

C 6 H 4 Cl 2

hardware store

grocery store

paraffin

paraffin wax

grocery store

candles

hardware store

phenol red C 19 H 14 O 5 S pool supply

polystyrene

casting resin

hobby shop

4 See section on Making Materials for Experiments.

Page 5

Plik z chomika:

Inne pliki z tego folderu:

Inne foldery tego chomika: