Pera Pera Penguin 71.pdf

While talking with a friend about a new sushiya ( sushi restaurant) over the phone, we both began to feel like

eating sushi . He said, " jaa, ano sushiya de shichi-ji ni " over the phone, but when I went to the new sushi

place he didn't show up. I was worried so I called him. He then said, "Huh? Where are you, now? I'm waiting

for you at the sushiya !" When I told him I was at the new sushiya , he said, " itsumono ano sushiya desu

yo !" (I'm at the sushiya we usually go to!) On the phone, I had talked about the new sushiya , so I was sure

we were going to that one. Ms. Hirayama, why on earth did he go to the sushiya we usually go even though

The problem you faced was probably caused by a misunderstanding of

the usage of " ko_, so_, a_ " which are used for abstract matters or things that

cannot be seen directly. They may seem simple, but can be confusing in

reality. Even advanced students become confused and cause

misunderstandings, and their Japanese sounds very poor when they get the

usage wrong. If you master this lesson, your Japanese sounds much better!

Both A and B know the subject

Put one proper pronoun in the box.

膟" ko_, so_, a_ " are used when abstract matters or things

sushiya

Visiting Ky - to

Since both of them know the sushi restaurant, they know what

they are talking about without naming it.

Do you know the Gion in Ky - to ?

No, I don't. Where is it?

芢芢芦腁腀腀腀腀腀腀苍苇花苉芠苨苜芷芩腈

iie, wa doko ni arimasu ka?

軵蹩

colleague :

I) When both A and B know the subject, they use " a_ ".

You :

you don't

know the place

跰鏺 (艐腪軵蹩覮苉赳芫苜芵芽腂

kin - (艐腪 sushiya ni ikimashita

腩艑腪 sushiya wa oish - desu yo ne

Talking about a time that A and B

(1)

I went to the sushi restaurant

yesterday.

The sushi restaurant serves

delicious sushi , doesn't it?

colleague :

It's near the Kiyomizudera temple.

You :

How can I get there?

苉苍腀苇苌苦芤苉赳芫苜芷芩腈

niwa donoy - ni ikimasu ka?

膚腧 a_ 腨 is used when you are

talking to yourself or writing in your

When the subject becomes the main topic in the middle of conversation, " ko _" is used.

you don't

know the place

腩艒腪鍘苍裀芢苅芷苦苋腂

腩艓腪鍘苍芢苂苠趬英苅苜芷腂

(2)

(in diary) It has been one year since

腩艒腪 mise wa yasui desu yo ne

腩艓腪 mise wa itsumo kondemasu

colleague :

You can take a taxi from the train station.

This restaurant is cheap,

isn't it?

This restaurant is always crowded.

You :

What kind of place is it?

苍腀苇英苈辊苅芷芩腈

wa donna tokoro desu ka?

芠苪芩苧艐鑎 arekara ichi-nen... )

you don't

know the place

Answers

腩艐腪 ano 腀腩艑腪 ano 腩艒腪 kono 腀腩艓腪 kono

(3)

Either one of them is familiar with the subject

膡膡膡膡膡膡膡膡 A few weeks later 膡膡膡膡膡膡膡膡

sushiya

When discussing a person whom the

speaker does not know (or who

cannot be seen), he uses "the

You :

I went to the Gion last week.

腩艑腪鍘苍苇花苉芠苨苜芷芩腈

腩艑腪 mise wa doko ni arimasu ka?

跰鏺軵蹩苰遈苗苜芵芽腂

軵蹩

It's a beautiful place, isn't it?

kin - sushi o tabemashita

your colleague and

you know the place

苍腀芫苪芢苈芢芢辊苅芷苋腂

wa kir - na ii tokoro desu ne

腩艐腪軵蹩覮苍芨芢芵芢苅芷苦腂

Where is the restaurant?

腩艐腪 sushiya wa oish - desu yo

(4)

膡膡膡膡膡膡膡膡 talking to yourself 膡膡膡膡膡膡膡膡

I had sushi yesterday. This (that)

sushi restaurant serves delicious sushi.

(The speaker knows of the restaurant.)

I can't find my cell phone! I wonder if I dropped it that time?

(The listener does not know it.)

豧金芪苈芢腉腀腀

躞苉鞎苆芵芽苌芩苈腈

toki ni otoshita nokana ?

A subject or issue that the speaker

knows but the listener does not is

"this matter," (花苌貏 kono ken ), "this

k - tai ga nai!

that

(5)

When he feels that the subject becomes the main topic while discussing it, he starts to use " ko _."

Or, maybe at that temple?

腩艓腪鍘苍靌隼苅芷芩腈

腩艒腪鍘苍蹇躏苉苦芭跚苨苜芷腂

芻苪苆苠腀腀腀腀躛芩苈腣腈

that

膚When the speaker is not familiar

with the subject at first, but starts to

feel "as if he knows it" while talking

腩艓腪 mise wa y - m - desu ka?

腩艒腪 mise wa zasshi ni yoku norimasu

soretomo tera kana.......?

Is this restaurant famous?

This restaurant has appeared in

magazines many times.

(6)

Answers

e.g., 芻苌貏 sono ken 膨 as if he knows

Answers

腩艐腪 kono 腀腩艑腪 sono 腩艒腪 kono 腀腩艓腪 kono

(1) sore (2) soko (3) soko (4) asoko (5) ano (6) ano

With cooperation from Yasuhiro Koga

腩艑腪軵蹩覮苍芨芢芵芢苅芷苦苋腂

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