STAGE 3&4
We use to LOOK AT for sth that is still, whilst we use to WATCH for sth that is moving.
We use to BRING when we carry sth to sb who is speaking, and to TAKE when we carry sth from sb who is speaking.
A HAUSE is a building where one family lives, whilst a FLAT is a part of building.
A ROAD is in the country and connects two towns, whereas a STREET is in the town and generally has shops on it.
The word QUITE has two meanings, depending on the accent. If the accent is heavily, it means “completely”. If the accent is light, it means “near completely”.
Eleven meanings of the verb to GET are: become, earn, reach, arrive, buy, receive, bring, obtain, take, persuade, have.
The four meanings of the verb to KEEP are: continue, hold, maintain and conserve.
We generally use BETWEEN for two people or things, whilst we use AMONG for more than two people or things.
We generally use EACH OTHER for two people or things, and ONE ANOTHER for more than two people or things.
IF WHETHER usually expresses a doubt.
STAGE 5
I MUST study. means that I have no alternative.
I OUGHT to study. means I have an alternative, but I am under a moral obligation to study.
In conversation we often say OK, but in writing we ought to use the words
ALL RIGHT.
We use to POINT AT for the action of pointing the finger at an object, whilst to POINT OUT we use to show among many different objects.
May and might express a possibility. MAY is generally used for the Present and MIGHT for the Past and the Conditional.
When we add the word BACK to a verb it means “to return”. give back go back
The word MAD has three meanings or uses: ▪ lunatic
▪ angry
▪ to like very much
The words I. O. U. mean I owe you.
FUTHER means the same as farther, but it also means in addition or extra.
We use the expression WOULD YOU SAY? When we ask somebody for his opinion about something. It means “Do you think?”
When we ask for permission to do sth, we use the words MAY or CAN.
Can I leave the room, please?
A STRANGER is somebody we don’t know, whilst a FOREIGNER is somebody from another country.
We generally use TRAVEL as a verb and JOURNEY as a noun. I traveled on a long journey.
I REMEMBER sth myself without help, whereas, if I forget sth, somebody REMINDS me OF it. In other words they remember for me.
Instead of saying I come here to learn English,
we can say I come here IN ORDER TO learn English.
Instead of the verb to CLOSE we can use the verb to SHUT.
The verb to SHUT UP means the same as to BE QUIET but is much less polite and is generally used when one is angry.
STAGE 6
The word FAIR has five different meanings, which are as follows:
1. fair hair
2. industrial fairs
3. just
4. moderate
5. amusement park
(now is six o’clock)
I’ll be back IN an hour‘s time. - it means I’d be back at 7 o’clock.
I’ll be back WITHIN an hour. - means I’d be back at any time between
now and 7 o’clock.
The letters E.G. are the abbreviation of “exempli gratia”, from the Latin, which means “for example”.
MIND we use in the abstract sense, whereas BRAIN we generally use
in the physical sense.
The word WHAT we use in a limited sense, whilst the word WHATEVER we use in a more unlimited sense. Other examples are:
WHEN – WHENEVER
WHERE – WHEREVER
WHO – WHOEVER [is really incorrect, but it’s easier to say]
A TRADE UNION is an organization which protects the workers of a particular industry, and fights to improve their pay and conditions.
SHOULD has two meanings. I should study can mean
● I ought to study
● or it can be the conditional of the verb “study”
I should study if I had enough time.
To avoid confusing we generally prefer to use WOULD for the conditional and SHOULD when we mean “ought to”.
An ACHE is a continuous physical pain.
toothache, headache, stomach-ache
By the word GROUND, we usually mean the surface of the land.
When we put OVER before a verb, it sometimes means to do sth excessively.
oversleep, overpay, overeat
But not always: overlook [przeoczyć]
A person who gives work another person is called an EMPLOYER, whilst
the person who receives the work is called an EMPLOYEE.
A COLLEGE is a kind of school, and also part of a university.
We use the word EARTH in the astronomical sense, and WORLD in
the geographical sense.
An ISLAND is a piece of land completely surrounded by the sea.
The word ON we can use for things which are moving or still. The word ONTO we can only use for things which are moving.
I’m putting the book onto the table.
The book is on the table.
To have sth done means that we don’t do the thing ourselves,
but that sb else does it for us.
I don’t cut my hair myself, but I have it cut for me by the hairdresser.
We can use the verb “GET” instead of the verb “to HAVE” if we wish and say
to GET STH DONE.
The verb to SAVE has four meanings: 1. conserve [koserwować] 2. economise [oszczędzać] ...
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