_______________________________________________________________________________ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ _ _ _ _ ((___)) ((___)) [ x x ] cDc communications, inc. [ x x ] \ / presents... \ / (` ') (` ') (U) (U) Gibe's UNIX COMMAND Bible ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ The latest file from the Cow's Information Series, Franken's UNIX Command Bible is suitable for the UNIX dilettante, as well as for the hardcore hack. Provides easy reference for those hard-to-remember commands. Attractive print-out fits well in any decor. Edited by High Priest and Scribe, F. Gibe "Smash the State! Have a Nice Day!" ........ 1987 _______________________________________________________________________________ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Command Description ~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~ awk Search for a pattern within a file. Includes a built-in programming language. bdiff Compares two large files. bfs Scans a large file. cal Displays a calendar. cat Concatenates and prints files. cc C compiler. cd Change directory. chgrp Changes a file's group ownership. chmod Changes a file's access permissions. chown Changes the individual ownership of a file. cmp Compares two files; diplays the location (line and byte) of the 1st difference between these. comm Compares two files so as to determine which lines are common to both. cp Copies a file to another location. cu Calls another UNIX system. date Returns the date and time. df Displays free space in the file system. diff Displays the differences between two files or directories. diff3 Displays the differences between three files or directories. du Reports on file system usage. echo Displays its argument. ed Text editor. ex Text editor. expr Evaluates its argument which is generally a mathematical formula. f77 FORTRAN compiler. find Locates the files w/ specified characteristics. format Initializes a floppy disk. grep Searches for a pattern within a file. (see awk) help Salvation. kill Ends a process. ln Used to link files. lpr Copies the file to the line printer. ls Displays info. about one or more files. mail Used to receive or deliver e-mail. mkdir Creates a new directory. more Displays a long file so that the user can scroll through it. mv Used to move or rename files. nroff Used to format text. ps Display a process's status. pwd Display the name of the working directory. rm Removes one or more files. rmdir Deletes one or more directories. sleep Causes a process to become inactive for a specified length of time. sort Sort and merge one or more files. spell Finds spelling errors in a file. split Divides a file. stty Display or set terminal parameters. tail Displays the end of a file. troff Outputs formatted output to a typesetter. tset Sets the terminal type. umask Allows the user to specify a new creation mask. uniq Compares 2 files. Finds and displays lines in one file that are unique. uucp UNIX-to-UNIX execute. vi Full screen editor. wc Displays details in the file size. who Info. on who else be online. write Used to send a message to another user. _______________________________________________________________________________ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ That's the Summary. Now print it out, if you'd like. Good for fast referencing. Following the Summary is a more in-depth look at each of the commands already listed. _______________________________________________________________________________ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ awk program filenames awk -f programfilenames filenames ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ The [awk] utility can be used to find any lines in a file which match a certain pattern; once found, these lines can be processed. In the first configuration, the program that [awk] is to execute is specified in the command line. In the second, the program is stored as the file given in programfilename. The -f option instructs [awk] to read this file. [bdiff] is used to compare files too large for [diff]. See [diff] for the format. bfs filename ~~~~~~~~~~~~ [bfs] is used to scan a large file to determine where to split it into smaller files. cal 01-12 (month) 0-9999 (year) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ [cal] utility can be used to display a calendar of any year from 0 to 9999 AD, and any or all of the twelve months. cat filename ~~~~~~~~~~~~ [cat] can be used to examine a short file. See [more] for lengthier files. number[cc] ~~~~~~~~~~ The [cc] command changes the entire current line, or a group of lines starting with the current line. [number] represents the number of old lines to be deleted. cd directory name ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ The [cd] command causes the current working directory to be changed. The [directory name] can be either a full or partial path name. chgrp groupname filename ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ This command changes the group ownership of a file. chmod {ugoa} {+-} {rwx} ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ The [chmod] utility changes a file's access permissions. [u] specifies the user or owner's login name, [g] specifies a group and [o] indicates all others. [a] indicates the user, group, and all others; c'est the default. [+] adds permission; [-] deletes it. [r] indicates read, [w] write, and [x] execute. chown individualname filename ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ [chown] changes the individual ownership of a file (see chgrp). cmp filename1 filename2 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ [cmp] is one of the four principle UNIX file comparison utilities. It compares 2 files, and returns the positions where they differ. comm -options filename1 filename2 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ The [comm] utility, in comparing two files, produces three columns of output. The first contains lines unique to the first file, the second, lines unique to the second, and the third column, lines common to both files. By placing the numbers [1], [2], and/or [3] in the [options] position, any one (or more) of these columns can be suppressed. cp sendingfile receivingfile ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ The [cp] command copies a file. [sendingfile] is the file to be copied, [receivingfile] is the file to which it is copied. diff [options] filename1 filename2 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Again, a file comparison utility. However, with [diff], the differences are displayed as instructions that can be used to edit the files so that they are identical. diff3 filename1 filename2 filename3 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Similar to [diff], [diff3] is unique in that it can compare three files. Gee. ed filename ~~~~~~~~~~~ One of the UNIX's three editing utilities, [ed] is a basic line editor. I'm sure there are other files that will explain how to use [ed]. Thus, I'll confine myself to a rough outline: e filename ........... edit a different file f filename ........... changes the currently specified file. h .................... provides explanation of errors. I text ................. inserts text before the current line. line,linel ........... lists the specified lines. line,linen ........... displays specified lines, preceded by their line numbers. q .................... exit from [ed] w .................... writes buffer to current filename. + or - ............... +number of lines closer to end -number of lines closer to beginning. expr formula ~~~~~~~~~~~~ Utility which evaluates an expression. find directory searchcriteria parameter actioncriteria parameter ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ The [find] utility can be very useful indeed, especiall...
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