Guitar Lessons - Beginner - Intermediate - Advanced.pdf - PDF(1) - greki

Guitar Lessons

Beginner

Intermediate

Advanced

Beginner

1. Understanding Notes And The Chromatic Scale

2. Tuning The Guitar And Beginning To Read Tablature

3. Playing Chromatic Scale On Guitar

4. Major Scale I

5. Chords I - Major

6. Chords II - Minor

Tuning the Guitar and basic Guitar Tablature

A Step-by-Step process to learning to tune your guitar, with a little about tablature on the way. I hope

that by the end of this lesson you should be able to tune your guitar and be able to read basic tablature.

Tuning the Guitar

Well this can be a problem for beginning guitarists who do not have a guitar tuner; e.g. one of those

handy little devices, which indicate through a light when each string is in fact at the correct pitch. The

theory behind it is that mostly we tune to the following:

Starting from the Thickest String up to the smallest: E,A,D,G,B,E ("Eat All Day, Get Big Easy". is a

useful memory tool for that.)

The question you are probably asking now is "how do I work out what an 'E' or 'A' is anyway?” Well,

to assist this what I have done is to record a sample of my guitar playing an open (big) E string so that

you can tune your E string to it - from this one string we can tune all the other strings of the guitar.

A good way to do this is to play them together, try to get it close and then play them apart - by

switching backwards and forwards between the two you may force your ear to hear the difference. It

should be noted at this point that tuning the guitar can be the biggest obstacle that many beginning

guitarists can face and that it is very easy to lose enthusiasm at this point. Keep trying! It is only

through repetition that your ear can learn to distinguish between what is right and what sounds wrong.

Before I show you how to tune the rest of the strings of the guitar, I will introduce you to a way of

graphically representing the guitar fretboard. This will make it easier for me to depict the concepts that

I am about to explain.

Introduction to Guitar Tablature

As mentioned above this is a graphical representation of the fretboard of the guitar with the thickest

string at the bottom and the lightest at the top.

So if we remember the theory of tuning the guitar that we mentioned above we see that starting from

the bottom (thickest) string and working upwards the notes are tuned to E,A,D,G,B,E.

Now sooner or later we are going to play some notes and in tablature, each note that is played is

indicated by the number of the fret where it is played. This number is placed on the correct string also.

Therefore to play a single note on the big 'E' string at the second (2) fret then we would write the

following:

Tuning the Guitar (Continuation)

Now its all very well reading one note - but we probably want to play more than one, to read multiple

notes we just move from left to right playing each note as we come to it. Here is an example of playing

the big 'E' string without fretting it (which equates to a 0 on the tab) then playing at the 2nd fret on the

'E' string, and then finishing with an open (unfretted) 'A' string.

So we see that we move from left to right playing the notes in order as we come to them. To write in

tablature some notes that are played together (at the same time) then just put the notes in a straight line

on the tab. Here is an example to illustrate this:

The above tablature indicates that we should play a open 'E' (large string), a note on the second fret of

the 'A' string and the second fret of the 'D' string at one time. There are many more symbols used in

tablature, but we will come to them later as we need them. By now we should have the big 'E' string of

your guitar in tune, from here we will learn how to use that string to tune all the other strings on the

guitar. So the first step that we must take it to tune the next string beside the 'E' which of course is the

'A' string. If we remember lesson one which introduced the theory behind the chromatic scale we can

see that 'A' is 6 semitones above 'E' in the chromatic scale. We also learned in lesson one that one fret

on the guitar was equal to one semitone. So what this means is that we can start on the 'E' string that is

in tune and travel 5 frets or 6 semi-tones (remember the 'E' string counts as one note!!) up the string

until we find an 'A' note. This is the note that we will tune the 'A' string to.

So we see that by going through the chromatic scale starting at 'E' and counting one step of the scale

per fret we can work out the notes that are on the fretboard. For example above we started with the

open 'E' note and then by moving up one semitone (same as one fret) we came to the 'F' note - when

we went up another we got to 'F#" - we continued this (G, G#.) until we reached the goal note - which

in this case is 'A'. Remember that whenever you move one fret up on the guitar it is equal to one step

of the chromatic scale. On the low 'E' string, holding down the fifth fret and striking it should produce

the same sound as an open 'A' string. By playing the 'A' note on the fifth fret on the 'E' string and then

getting the open 'A' string to match this is one of the methods we use to tune our guitars. Just keep

playing the 'A' note on the 'E' string and compare it to the open 'A' string - listen closely to the 'A'

string - if it sounds lower then tighten the string, if it sounds higher then slacken the string off and then

try to tune upwards again. Continue this until the 'A' note and the 'A' string sound the same.

Here is an example of going up the neck of the guitar to find 'A' fret by fret and the open A string

being played after the 'A' note.

Finishing Tuning the Guitar - The Last four Strings

Ok so now we should have the 'A' String tuned as well, but what about the D, G, B, and little e string.

Well you will be happy to know that just as you tuned the A string using the E string you can tune the

other strings from notes on the next string to them.

For example:

• To tune the 'D' String you would tune to the note 'D' that is on the fifth fret of the 'A' String.

• To tune the 'G' String you would use the 'G' note on the fifth fret on the 'D' String.

So the above tablature shows the notes to play to tune the open strings that are beside them.

Now the only string that does not follow this rule is the 'B' string - this gets tuned from the fourth fret

on the 'G' string, We tune to 'B' on this string as it is one of the best compromises to make chord and

scale shapes easy to play. So to tune the 'B' String - use the B note at the Fourth Fret on the 'G' String.

The little 'e' string follows the normal rule and is tuned off the 'e' note on the fifth fret of the 'B' string.

Remember to get the sounds of the open strings and the note that you are tuning with to sound almost

identical. By the time you tune the top strings the bottom ones may have been pulled out of tune, it

may be necessary to retune all the strings many times before they will sit in tune.

A suggestion for beginners who are having trouble tuning their guitars:

• Firstly, you could find someone to tune your guitar for you, then grab a tape deck and record the

sounds of each string. Begin with the low E string and strike it several times when recording. Let

the note ring for a while. Strike them in a slow rhythm, say once every two seconds. Do this for the

same string 10 or so times, then move to the next string. This will give you a steady recording of

what each string should sound like so you can play the tape back and tune in on it.

• Secondly, you could invest in a Tuning fork. Most tuning forks sound an A note when struck. You

can use this to tune the open A string.

When tuning, always tune up. This means, loosen the string so it is of a lower note and then tune up to

the correct note. Don't tune down to the note. (The reason for this as I understand it is that the tuning

heads do not grip the string well enough when you undo them, and they can slip out of tune easier. By

always insuring that your last turn of the tuning heads is to tighten the string then the tuners will grab

the string quite nicely).

Summary of This Lesson

I hope that you will have learned the following:

• What Tablature is?

• How to tune your guitar

Guitar Lessons - Beginner - Intermediate - Advanced.pdf

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