terms i definitions po angielsku(1).pdf

>> Terms & Definitions

FIOS (FREE IN, OUT, STOWED):

It is most important to remember that the "Free" reference is viewed from the Ship Owners point of view

- not the Shipper’s. Some Shippers get caught out when they read the word "Free" as they incorrectly belie-

ve that it refers to them. Freight rates quoted on a FIOS basis specifically exclude all aspects relating to cargo

handling operations. The ship is only responsible for expenses arising as a result of the ship calling into the

port, i.e. tugs, pilots and light dues etc. Another very important consideration when booking cargo on FIOS

terms is that the ship does not bear any responsibilityfor the speed of loading or discharging. Usually the

rate agreed includes a fixed "free" period of time for loading/discharging operations, after which time a

daily demurrage is incurred. Obviously this is of paramount importance where port congestion or stevedo-

ring performance is uncertain. There are many overseas ports which fall into this category and particularly

where vessel demurrage rates can vary significantly, depending on the size and type of ship nominated to

undertake the particular project.

LINER TERMS - GENERAL STATEMENT:

Liner Terms is a very ambiguous statement and can be interpreted in a variety of ways in different ports of

the world and by different Ship Owners/Agents. Personally we would prefer to clearly define the extent of

responsibility when quoting on this basis.

LINER TERMS HOOK / HOOK:

Given that this is a notional point in chartering terms, this is best described as the Shipper/Receiver arran-

ging for delivery/receival of cargo to/from directly under ships hook and the ship paying for the labour to

stow the cargo in the vessels cargo holds, as well as on-board lashing & securing and provision of dunna-

ge materials, and to discharge again over the ship’s side. Shore based stevedoring aspects remain the

responsibility of the shipper/receiver, however, there are some Owners that may incorporate these costs into

their LTHH rate. Once again, ask Owners to clearly define this aspect. Wharfage charges/dues/taxes can be a

contentious issue but are usually considered to be for the Shippers/Receivers account and there may also

be many other statutory levies on cargo or freight that may apply. Many Shippers/Receivers are unaware of

these additional costs and do not include them into their costing and consequently may be left with an

unexpected considerable expense at the completion of a project.

FULL LINER TERMS:

This is somewhat a vaguer term given different port practices. However, it generally implies that the freight

amount provided includes both shore based and on-board stevedoring, lashing/unlashing, dunnage mate-

rials, securing/unsecuring and all costs of presenting to/receiving the cargo from the ship’s side; with the

shippers/receivers just bearing the cost of discharging from/reloading to the transport, along with the usual

port charges/levies/taxes etc. Frequently the terms are varied at different ends of the voyage i.e. FILO (Free

In/Liner Out), LIFO (Liner In Free Out) or FIFO (Free In/Free Out) etc. To be absolutely sure of all liabilities, it

is always advisable to request that terms clearly and concisely indicate what is/isn’t included in your

particular contract - in layman’s terms.

>> Terms & Definitions

ABBREVIATION

MEANING

Always Afloat

AAAA

Always Accessible Always Afloat

AAOSA

Always Afloat or Safe Aground. Condition for a vessel whilst in port

AARA

Amsterdam-Antwerp-Rotterdam Area

ABAFT

Toward the rear (stern) of the ship. Behind.

ABOARD

On or within the ship

ABOVE DECK

On the deck (not over it - see ALOFT)

ABT

About

ADCOM

Address Commission

ADDENDUM

Additional chartering terms at the end of a charter party

AFSPS

Arrival First Sea Pilot Station (Norway)

AFFREIGHTMENT

The hiring of a ship in whole or part

AFT

At or towards the stern or rear of a ship

AGROUND

Touching or fast to the bottom

AGW

All Going Well

AHL

Australian Hold Ladders

AIDS TO NAVIGATION

Artificial objects to supplement natural landmarks indicating safe

and unsafe waters

ALOFT

Above the deck of the ship

AMIDSHIPS

In or toward the centre of the ship

ANCHORAGE

A place suitable for anchorage in relation to the wind, seas and bottom

ANTHAM

Antwerp-Hamburg Range

APS

Arrival Pilot Station

ARAG

Amsterdam-Rotterdam--Antwerp-Gent Range

ARBITRATION

Method of settling disputes which is usually binding on parties.

Aclause usually in a charter party

A/S

Alongside

ASBA

American Shipbrokers Association

ASPW

Any Safe Port in the World

ASTERN

In the back of the ship, opposite of ahead

ATDNSHINC

Any Time Day/Night Sundays and Holidays Included

ATHWARTSHIPS

At right angles to the centreline of the ship

ATUTC

Actual Times Used to Count

>> Terms & Definitions

ABBREVIATION

MEANING

BACKLETTER

Where a seller/shipper issues a 'letter of indemnity' in favour of the carrier in

exchange for a clean bill of lading

BAF

Bunker Adjustment Factor. A Fuel Surcharge expressed as a percentage added

or subtracted from the freight amount, reflecting the movement in the market

place price for bunkers.

BALE CAP.

Cubic capacity of a vessels holds to carry packaged dry cargo such as

bales/pallets

BALLAST

Heavy weight, often sea water, necessary for the stability and safety of a

ship which is not carrying cargo

BALLAST BONUS

Compensation for relatively long ballast voyage

BAREBOAT CHTR.

Bareboat Charter - Owners lease a specific ship and control its technical

management and commercial operations only. Charterers take over all

responsibility for the operation of the vessel and expenses for the duration.

BBB

Before Breaking Bulk. Refers to freight payments that must be received before

discharge of a vessel commences

BDI

Both Dates Inclusive

BEAM

The maximum breadth or the greatest width of a ship

BELOW

Beneath the deck

BENDS

Both Ends (Load & Discharge Ports)

Both Inclusive

BIMCO

The Baltic and International Maritime Council

BL1

Bale

BL2

(Bill of Lading) A document signed by the carrier which acts as a Contract

of Affreightment, a receipt and evidence of title to the cargo.

Beam

Booking Note

BOB

Bunker on Board

BOFFER

Best Offer

BOW

The forward part of a ship

BROB

Bunkers Remaining on Board

BROKERAGE

Percentage of freight payable to broker (by owners in c/p's) or applicable

to sale or purchase

BSS

Basis

BSS 1/1

Basis 1 Port to 1 Port

Berth Terms

BULKHEAD

A vertical partition separating compartments

BUNDLING

This is the assembly of pieces of cargo, secured into one manageable unit.

This is relevant to items such as Structural Steel, Handrails, Stairways etc.

Whilst this is a very flexible description, a rule of thumb is to present cargo

at a size easily handled by a large (20 tonne) fork lift.

BUNKERS

Name given for vessels Fuel and Diesel Oil supplies (Originates from coal

bunkers)

BUOY

An anchored float used for marking a position on the water or a hazard

or a shoal and for mooring

BWAD

Brackish Water Arrival Draft

>> Terms & Definitions

ABBREVIATION

MEANING

CAF

Currency Adjustment Factor

CBM

Cubic Metres

CBFT (or CFT)

Cubic Feet

CFR (or C&F)

Cost and Freight

CHART

A map used by navigators

CHOPT

Charterers Option

CHTRS

Charterers

CIF

Cost, Insurance & Freight. Seller pays all these costs to a nominated port or

place of discharge.

CKD

Completely knocked down

COA

Contract of Affreightment - Owners agree to accept a cost per revenue tonne

for cargo carried on a specific number of voyages.

CIP

Carriage and Insurance paid to...

COACP

Contract of Affreightment Charter Party

COB

Closing of Business

COBLDN

Closing of Business London

COD

Cash On Delivery

COGSA

Carriage of Goods by Sea Act

CONGESTION

Port/berth delays

CONS

Consumption

C/SNEE

CONSIGNEE. Name of agent, company or person receiving consignment

COP

Custom Of Port

CP (or C/P)

Charter Party

CPD

Charterers Pay Dues

CPT

Carriage Paid To

CQD

Customary Quick Despatch

Current Rate

CROB

Cargo Remaining on Board

CRN

Crane

CRT

Cargo Retention Clauses, introduced by charterers based on shortage

of delivered cargo because of increased oil prices

CST

Centistoke

CTR

Container Fitted

>> Terms & Definitions

ABBREVIATION

MEANING

Disbursement Account

DAF

Deliver At Frontier

DAPS

Days all Purposes (Total days for loading & discharging)

DAMFORDET

Damages for Detention. Penalty ifcargo is not ready when ship arrives

for working (1st day of Laycan). This is not detention which is charged

for ships time on delay.

If the cargo is ready there is no DAMFORDET.

DDU

Delivered Duty unpaid.

DDP

Delivered Duty Paid.

DECK

A permanent covering over a compartment, hull or any part thereof

DEM

Demurrage (Quay Rent). Money paid by the shipper for the occupying port

space beyond a specified "Free Time" period.

DEQ

Delivered Ex Quay

DES

Delivered Ex Ship

DESP

Despatch. Time saved, reward for quick turnaround- in dry cargo only

DET

Detention (See DAMFORDET)

DEV

Deviation. Vessel departure from specified voyage course

DFRT

Deadfreight. Space booked by shipper or charterer on a vessel but not used

DHDATSBE

Despatch Half Demurrage on All Time Saved Both Ends

DHDWTSBE

Despatch Half Demurrage on Working Time Saved Both Ends

DISCH

Discharge

Deck

DLOSP

Dropping Last Outwards Sea Pilot (Norway)

Diesel Oil

DOLSP

Dropping Off Last Sea Pilot (Norway)

DOP

Dropping Outward Pilot

DOT

Department of Transport

DNRCAOSLONL

Discountless and Non-Returnable Cargo and/or Ship Lost or Not Lost

DRAUGHT (or DRAFT)

Depth to which a ship is immersed in water. The depth varies according to the

design of the ship and will be greater or lesser depending not only on the

weight of the ship and everything on board, but also on the density of the

water in which the ship is lying.

DRK

Derrick

DUNNAGE

Materials of various types, often timber or matting, placed among the cargo

for separation, and hence protection from damage, for ventilation and,

in the case of certain cargoes, to provide space in which the tynes of a fork

lift truck may be inserted.

DWAT (or DWT)

Deadweight. Weight of cargo, stores and water, i.e. the difference between

lightship and loaded displacement.

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