Virtual_Machine_Administration.pdf

vSphere Virtual Machine

Administration Guide

ESX 4.1

ESXi 4.1

vCenter Server 4.1

This document supports the version of each product listed and

supports all subsequent versions until the document is replaced

by a new edition. To check for more recent editions of this

document, see http://www.vmware.com/support/pubs .

EN-000312-03

vSphere Virtual Machine Administration Guide

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Contents

Updated Information 7

About This Book 9

1 Introduction to VMware vSphere Virtual Machines 11

What Is a Virtual Machine? 11

Virtual Machines and the Virtual Infrastructure 12

Virtual Machine Lifecycle 12

Virtual Machine Components 13

Virtual Machine Options and Resources 13

Where to Go From Here 14

Provisioning Virtual Machines

2 How to Provision Virtual Machines 17

3 Creating a Virtual Machine 19

Start the Virtual Machine Creation Process 20

Select a Configuration Path for the New Virtual Machine 20

Enter a Name and Location for the Virtual Machine 21

Select a Host or Cluster 21

Select a Resource Pool 22

Select a Datastore 22

Select a Virtual Machine Version 23

Select an Operating System 23

Select the Number of Virtual Processors 24

Configure Virtual Memory 24

Configure Networks 24

About VMware Paravirtual SCSI Adapters 25

Select a SCSI Controller 26

Selecting a Virtual Disk Type 26

Complete Virtual Machine Creation 29

Installing a Guest Operating System 30

4 Working with Templates and Clones 33

Clone a Virtual Machine 34

Create a Scheduled Task to Clone a Virtual Machine 35

Create a Template 36

Deploy a Virtual Machine from a Template 38

Change Template Software or Virtual Machine Configuration 40

Change Template Name 40

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vSphere Virtual Machine Administration Guide

Deleting Templates 40

Convert a Template to a Virtual Machine 42

Customizing Guest Operating Systems 42

5 Deploying OVF Templates 53

About OVF 53

Deploy an OVF Template 54

Browse VMware Virtual Appliance Marketplace 55

Export an OVF Template 55

6 Converting Physical Systems to Virtual Machines 57

Consolidation First Time Use 58

Consolidation Prerequisites 58

About Consolidation Services 61

Configuring Consolidation Settings 62

Find and Analyze Physical Systems 63

Viewing Analysis Results 63

Converting Physical Systems to Virtual Machines 64

Viewing Consolidation Tasks 65

Troubleshooting Consolidation 65

Configuring and Managing Virtual Machines

7 Configuring Virtual Machines 71

Virtual Machine Hardware, Options, and Resources Available to vSphere Virtual Machines 72

Virtual Machine Hardware Versions 74

Locate the Hardware Version of a Virtual Machine 75

Change the Virtual Machine Name 76

View the Virtual Machine Configuration File Location 76

Edit Configuration File Parameters 76

Change the Configured Guest Operating System 77

CPU Virtual Machine Configuration 77

Memory Virtual Machine Configuration 83

Virtual Disk Configuration 86

SCSI Controller Configuration 89

Network Virtual Machine Configuration 92

Parallel and Serial Port Configuration 94

Other Virtual Machine Device Configuration 99

USB Device Passthrough Configuration from an ESX/ESXi Host to a Virtual Machine 104

Manage Power Management Settings for a Virtual Machine 112

Configure the Virtual Machine Power States 113

Configuring Troubleshooting Options 114

8 Installing and Upgrading VMware Tools 117

VMware Tools Components 117

Install VMware Tools on a Windows Guest 118

Install VMware Tools on a Linux Guest from the X Window System 119

Install VMware Tools on a Linux Guest with the Tar Installer 120

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Contents

Install VMware Tools on a Solaris Guest 121

Install VMware Tools on a NetWare Guest 122

Open the VMware Tools Properties Dialog Box 123

VMware Tools Upgrades 124

Upgrade VMware Tools Manually 124

Configure Virtual Machines to Automatically Upgrade VMware Tools 125

Custom VMware Tools Installation 125

Change the VMware Tools Options for a Virtual Machine 126

WYSE Multimedia Support 126

9 Managing Multi-Tiered Applications with VMware vApp 129

Create a vApp 130

Populate the vApp 131

Edit vApp Settings 132

Configuring IP Pools 136

Clone a vApp 138

Power On a vApp 138

Power Off a vApp 139

Suspend a vApp 139

Resume a vApp 139

Edit vApp Annotation 139

10 Managing Virtual Machines 141

Edit Virtual Machine Startup and Shutdown Settings 141

Open a Console to a Virtual Machine 142

Adding and Removing Virtual Machines 142

Using Snapshots To Manage Virtual Machines 144

Managing Existing Snapshots 147

Restoring Snapshots 148

Converting Virtual Disks from Thin to Thick 149

Appendixes

A Installing the Microsoft Sysprep Tools 153

Install the Microsoft System Preparation Tools from a Microsoft Web Site Download 153

Install the Microsoft Sysprep Tools from the Windows Operating System CD 154

B Required Privileges for Common Tasks 157

Index 161

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