competence vs performance 3.pdf

OntheImportanceofErrors:

CompetenceandPerformance

inOptimalityTheory

Tam´asBir´o

Workpresenteddevelopedat:

HumanitiesComputing

CLCG

UniversityofGroningen

Presentaliation:

TheoreticalLinguistics

ACLC

UniversityofAmsterdam

birot@nytud.hu

TabuDay

Groningen,June8,2007

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Overview

• Competencevs.performance

• Adequacyofaperformancemodel

• PerformancemodelsforOptimalityTheory

• Thedis-harmonicmind?

• Performanceerrors,irregularitiesandlearning

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Competencevs.performance

NoamChomsky:

“Linguistictheoryisconcernedprimarilywithanidealspeaker-

listener,inacompletelyhomogeneousspeech-community,who

knowsitslanguageperfectlyandisunaectedbysuch

grammaticallyirrelevantconditionsasmemorylimitations,

distractions,shiftsofattentionandinterest,anderrors(randomor

characteristic)inapplyinghisknowledgeofthelanguageinactual

performance....Wethusmakeafundamentaldistinctionbetween

competence(thespeaker-hearer’sknowledgeofhislanguage)and

performance(theactualuseoflanguageinconcretesituations).”

(Chomsky:Aspects,1965,pp.3-4)

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Competencevs.performance

So,languageproductionvariesdueto(amongothers)

• memorylimitations,

• distractions,shiftsofattentionandinterest,

• anderrors(randomorcharacteristic)

Thisobservationisnotaboutlinguisticcompetence,but

whowoulddealwithit,ifnotalinguist???

NB:phenomenaofteninﬂuencedbylinguisticfactors.

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Competencevs.performance

PaulSmolensky:

“...competencecanbeunderstoodasanidealizationofactual

behavior—performance—inwhichwehaveremovedtheeectsof

limitationsoncomputationalresources:generallyspeaking,space,

time,andprecision.”(Smolenskyetal.:TheHarmonicMind,

2006,vol.1,p.228.)

Competence=grammar:isafunction

input7!correctoutput/parse/struct.description

Performance:algorithmthatﬁndsit.Ordoesn’t.

Competence:performanceruninﬁnitelyslowly.

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