CIVIL ENGINEERING / December 2009
S P O R T
For students who desire to know more than others, or simply more than their student book offers.
Sport / Sports - activity that you do for pleasure and that needs physical effort or skill, usually done in a special area and according to fixed rules.
excellent sports facilities
to be interested in sport
the use of drugs in sport
What’s your favourite sport? I like motor racing best.
Do you do any sports? Yes, I go swimming /running / sailing / canoeing etc.
Do you play football/ badminton?
a sports club
team/ ball/ water/winter/summer/blood/filed/spectator sports
sportsman / sportswoman / sportsperson / athlete /
Ball games : (We play these sports: I play rugby. Do you play baseball?). We play these games on a football / cricket /rugby field or pitch.
football (soccer), rugby , American football, basketball, badminton, baseball, volleyball, cricket, tennis, table tennis, golf
Other popular sports:
swimming, running, sailing, motor racing, horse racing, judo/karate, skiing, canoeing, hang-gliding; windsurfing; bowls, darts, riding, snooker/pool/billards
We use go or do with most of these sports. (I go running. He does canoeing.)
In winter I do a lot of skiing. I go skiing every day.
In summer I play tennis or go running and do some judo.
Ball games and equipment:
boots/training shoes (trainers) , racket (tennis, squash, badminton), a bat (baseball, table tennis), clubs (golf), a net across the middle of the court (volleyball, badminton), a cue (billards/snooker/pool), a stick (hockey)
Things you can do with a ball:
throw it; head it; pass it; hit it; catch it; kick it
Places and people
a pitch ( for football, rugby, hockey and cricket) (Note: a stadium and spectators for football e.g. Wembley Stadium)
a court (for tennis, volleyball, squash and badminton)
a course (for golf)
captain of a team
manager (e.g. in football) , or a coach (e.g. in basketball)
a referee (football, rugby and hockey) – (a whistle) + linesmen
an umpire (tennis, cricket and baseball)
line judges in tennis (the ball is “in” or “out”)
Other sports:
Athletics track vest, shorts, running shoes or spikes
Motor racing track crash helmet
Swimming pool swimming costume (women); trunks (men)
Boxing ring vest, shorts, gloves, boots
Skiing slopes (piste) sticks, ski suit, ski boots
Athletics: discus , javelin, high-jump, long-jump, pole-vault etc.
She is a good sprinter (short distances)
He is a great long-distance runner. (5000 metres, marathon etc)
Verbs and collocations in the context of sport:
Our team won / lost by three goals / points.
She broke the Olympic record last year.
He holds the record for the 100 metres breast-stroke.
Arsenal beat Chelsea 5-1 yesterday.
The team have never been defeated. (more formal than beat)
How many goals / points have you scored this season?
I think I’ll take up bowls next spring and give up golf.
E X E R C I S E S
1 Put each of the following words or phrases in its correct place in the passage below:
officials pools courts stadium rink field events athletes rings
pitches scoreboard spectators track events
There is a big new sports centre near my home. There are football ____________, tennis and basketball ____________, swimming __________, a sports hall with two boxing __________ and even a skating ___________. There is also a separate athletics_________, where 20,000 ____________ can watch the ______________ on the track and the _____________, such as jumping and throwing, in the grass centre. The _____________ get ready in modern changing rooms and the ______________ time and measure the events with modern equipment. A huge electronic ___________ shows the results.
FOOTBALL
2 Instructions as above
draw track suits captains match referee amateurs team toss a coin
players crowd gymnasium train
I play football for my local ___________ against other sides in the area. Of course the ___________ aren’t paid, we’re just _____________. But anyway we __________ very hard in the evenings and we’re lucky because we can use the ____________ of a local school. On the day of the ___________ we arrive early, change, and put on ____________ to keep warm. Then the ____________, dressed in black, calls the two ____________ to the centre to _____________ to decide who will play in which direction. Not many people come to watch the game. We usually have a ______________ of only one or two hundred. But we enjoy it, whether we win, lose or _____________ .
3 Explain the difference between
a) amateurs and professionals c) to win and to beat
b) a winner and a runner-up d) a hurdle race and a relay race
4 Put one of the following words in each space in the sentences below:
on for of at in between
1. Which team does he play __________?
2. She put __________her tracksuit.
3. There’s an exciting race taking place ________the track.
4. I am not very good ________ running.
5. She’s the best player __________team.
6. There was a crowd __________50,000 _________the stadium.
7. The result __________the football match was a 2:2 draw.
8. The match was _________Brazil and Poland.
9. A runner-up comes second _________ a race or compettion.
10. She’s the best player ___________the team.
5 Match each sport with the place where it is played – a court, a track, a course, a ring, a pool, a pitch, a circuit, a range, a rink.
football - ____________ , basketball - _____________; swimming - ____________
boxing - ____________, golf - ____________, shooting - _______________
athletics - _____________, skating - ___________, tennis - _______________,
car-racing - ____________, volleyball - _____________, horse race - ____________
6 Match each sport on the left with two pieces of equipment on the right:
1. Ice hockey a) club/tee
2. Archery b) racket/net
3. Golf c) puck/stick
4. Tennis d) parallel/bars/mat
5. Badminton e) saddle/handlebars
6. Boxing f) toboggan/goggles
7. Car-racing g) bow/arrows
8. Horse-racing h) helmet/steering-wheel
9. Cycling i) épée/mask
10. Shooting j) whip/reins
11. Winter sports k) racket/shuttle/cock
12. Gymnastics l) gloves/gumshield
13. Fencing m) rifle/target
In what sports are the following phrases heard and what do they mean?
a) They’re off!
b) Seconds out!
c) Fore!
d) It’s a foul, ref!
e) Forty – love.
f) On your marks… Get set …
g) Three – nil.
h) A bull’s eye!
i) Four faults.
7 Fill in the gaps:
1. Italy beat Sweden ________ three goals in the final.
2. He ____________ the record in 1992 and has _______ it ever since. No-one can beat him.
3. How many points has your team _____________this season?
4. Have you _______________ ____________ swimming? I haven’t seen you at the pool recently.
Yeah, I got bored with it. I’ve _________ __________ golf instead.
5. Our team has never been ___________in the last ten years. We’ve won every game.
6. Who’s running the first leg in the _____________?
8 Read the text below and think of the word which best fits each space. Use only one word in each space.
CHOOSE YOUR SPORT CAREFULLY
Regular exercise such __________ jogging or swimming is good ___________ the heart. It can also give you more energy to enjoy life. As a ____________ of regular exercise, your body gets better ____________ using oxygen. It becomes easier for your heart to pump blood ____________your body. After a while, the heart doesn’t __________ to work quite as hard. Exercise is often thought to be an easy ____________ of losing weight. But in _________ , exercise tends to increase your appetite. Many people discover they lose _____________ with exercise alone. ____________ diet and exercise are needed to achieve this. Some people exercise because they think it will help them to live longer. If that is your reason for exercising, then you __________avoid short, intensive exercise. Squash, for example, ____________is a fast game, may be harmful ___________ you’re unfit or middle-aged. Other sports can be dangerous ___________. Although both rugby and football are popular sports, a rugby player is three ____________ more likely to be injured than a tennis player. It is advisable, ________________, to choose a sport that suits you and not one that is going to harm you.
HANGING BY A THREAD
So you think you would like to try bungee jumping? ____________ starting, let me tell you _____________ an incident that might convince you otherwise. On January 8, 1999 a sixteen –year-old Korean girl decided she wanted _____________excitement in her life, so thought she would give bungee jumping a _____________ . She jumped ___________ a 15 -metre high platform and everything ____________ normal. The problem was ______________ because of the cold, a support wire had frozen and she couldn’t ____________ brought down.
She had to hang upside ____________, ten metres from the ground until firemen came to her rescue, four hours ______________. On investigating the incident ___________ was discovered that the owner of the platform had ignored the cold weather conditions. Furthermore, _______________ of the operators of the bungee jump had any safety or rescue training. ______________ asked to comment, the owner stated, “Frankly, I don’t know _____________ about a bungee. I just want to _____________ money.
MAzee171