OReilly.Head.First.SQL.2007.pdf

Head First SQL

by Lynn Beighley

Printed in the United States of America.

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Cover Designers:

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Printing History:

August 2007: First Edition.

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No clowns, doughnuts, or Girl Sprouts were harmed in the making of this book. Just my car, but it’s been fixed.

TTM

This book uses RepKover ™ , a durable and ﬂ exible lay-ﬂ at binding.

ISBN-10: 0-596-52684-9

ISBN-13: 978-0-596-52684-9

[M]

data and tables

A place for everything

I used to keep track of all my

patients on paper, but I kept losing

them! I finally learned SQL and now

I never lose a soul. Learning about

tables won’t hurt a bit!

Don’t you just hate losing things? Whether it’s your car

keys, that 25% off coupon for Urban Outfitters, or your application’s

data, there’s nothing worse than not being able to keep up with what

you need ... when you need it. And when it comes to your applications,

there’s no better place to store your important information than in a

table . So turn the page, come on in, and take a walk through the world

of relational databases .

this is a new chapter 1

a sticky situation

Defining your data

Greg knows many lonely single people. He likes keeping

track of what his friends are up to, and enjoys introducing

them to each other. He has lots of information about them

scrawled on sticky notes like this:

Greg’s been using his system for a very long time. Last week he

expanded his connections to include people who are seeking

new jobs, so his listings are growing quickly. Very quickly…

Chapter 1

data and tables

Peggy Murray

B-day: 8/22/1963

Nutritionist

Married

Natchez, MS

pjmurray@mightygumball.net

Interests: Antiques, toys, Literature

Seeking: Not a thing!

John Quick

B-day: 6/2/1963

Scientist

Married

Boston, MA

captquick@starbuzzcoffee.com

Interests: Too many to list

Seeking: Nothing

Saffyre Kroger

B-day: 10/30/1964

Secretary

Married

Montreal, Canada

happysaff@mightygumball.net

Interests: RPG

Seeking: Nothing

Saffyre Kroger

B-day: 10/30/1964

pjmurray@mightygumball.net

Montreal, Canada

happysaff@mightygumball.net

Interests: RPG

Interests: Too many to list

Seeking: Nothing

Amanda C. Main

B-day: 11/28/1966

Gardener

Married

Millbrook, NY

main_man@breakneckpizza.com

Interests : Vegetarianism, Botany

Seeking: Man on the side

Saffyre Kroger

B-day: 10/30/1964

Secretary

Married

Montreal, Canada

happysaff@mightygumball.net

Interests: RPG

Seeking: Nothing

An gelina Mendo za

B-day: 8 /19/1979

U nix Sysadmin

Marrie d

San Francisco , CA

angeli na@starbuzz coffee.com

Interests: Acting, Danci ng

Seek ing: New job

Olivia Fader

B-day: 4/19/1966

Children’s Book Author

Married

New York, NY

ofader@hotmail.com

Interests: Antiques, toys, Literature

Seeking: Not a thing!

Franc ine Prophet

B-day: 12/ 2/1975

Cam paign Manag er

Single

Su nnyvale, CA

prophet @breakneck pizza.com

I nterests: Hu nting, Taxide rmy

Seekin g: Serious re lationship

Millbrook, NY

Lynn Beighley

B-day: ?? ?

Tech Writer, Fiction Writer

Engag ed

New Jersey

ly nnbeighley@gmail.com

Interests: Travel, wr iting, literature,

everything else

Seeking: a big bre ak

Children’s Book Author

angeli na@starbuzz coffee.com

New Jersey

ly nnbeighley@gmail.com

New Jersey

ly nnbeighley@gmail.com

New Jersey

ly nnbeighley@gmail.com

New York, NY

ofader@hotmail.com

Interests: Antiques, toys, Literature

Seeking: Not a thing!

angeli na@starbuzz coffee.com

ly nnbeighley@gmail.com

Interests: Travel, wr iting, literature,

ly nnbeighley@gmail.com

Interests: Travel, wr iting, literature,

everything else

Interests: Travel, wr iting, literature,

everything else

Interests: Travel, wr iting, literature,

ofader@hotmail.com

Su nnyvale, CA

prophet @breakneck pizza.com

Interests: Acting, Danci ng

Seek ing: New job

Interests: Acting, Danci ng

everything else

Interests: Travel, wr iting, literature,

Interests: Antiques, toys, Literature

Seek ing: New job

Seeking: a big bre ak

John Spatner

B-day: 4/18/1963

Salesman

Happily Married

Woodstock, NU

jpoet@harvard.edu

Interests: Poetry, Screenplay writing

Seeking: Nothing at all

Francine Pro phet

B-day : 12/2/1975

Campaign M anager

Singl e

Sunnyvale, CA

pro phet@break neckpizza.co m

Interest s: Hunting, T axidermy

Se eking: Seriou s relationshi p

Francine Pro phet

B-day : 12/2/1975

Campaign M anager

B-day: 4/18/1963

Salesman

B-day: 4/18/1963

Salesman

Happily Married

Woodstock, NU

jpoet@harvard.edu

Interests: Poetry, Screenplay writing

Seeking: Nothing at all

Lynn B eighley

B-day: ???

Te ch Writer, Fiction Writer

Engaged

New Jersey

lynnbeighley@gma il.com

Interests: Travel, writing, literature,

everything els e

Seeking: a big break

Amanda C. Main

B-day: 11/28/1966

Gardener

Married

Millbrook, N Y

planter181@yahoo.com

Interest s: Vegetarianism, Botany

Seeking: Man on the side

Singl e

Sunnyvale, CA

pro phet@break neckpizza.co m

Interests: Poetry, Screenplay writing

Interest s: Hunting, T axidermy

Se eking: Seriou s relationshi p

Interests: Travel, writing, literature,

John Spatner

B-day: 4/18/1963

Salesman

Happily Married

Woodstock, NY

jpoet@harvard.edu

Interests: Poetry, Screenplay writing

Seeking: Nothing at all

Olivia Fade r

B-d ay: 4/19/196 6

Children’s Book Autho r

Ma rried

New Yor k, NY

o fader@hotm ail.com

Intere sts: Antiques , toys, Liter ature

Seeking: Not a thing!

Angelin a Mendoza

B-day: 8/19/ 1979

Unix S ysadmin

Married

San F rancisco, CA

angelina@ starbuzzcoff ee.com

Int erests: Actin g, Dancing

Seeking: New job

Angelin a Mendoza

B-day: 8/19/ 1979

Unix S ysadmin

Angelin a Mendoza

B-day: 8/19/ 1979

Unix S ysadmin

Lynn Beighley

B-day: ???

Tech Writer, Fiction Writer

Engaged

New Jersey

lynnbeighley@gmail.com

Interests: Travel, writing, literature,

everything else

Seeking: a big break

B-day: ???

Tech Writer, Fiction Writer

B-day: ???

Tech Writer, Fiction Writer

Engaged

New Jersey

lynnbeighley@gmail.com

Interests: Travel, writing, literature,

everything else

Interests: Travel, writing, literature,

everything else

Interests: Travel, writing, literature,

Tech Writer, Fiction Writer

B-day: 8/19/ 1979

B-d ay: 4/19/196 6

Children’s Book Autho r

Unix S ysadmin

Married

San F rancisco, CA

angelina@ starbuzzcoff ee.com

Dottie Ray

B -day: 3/13/ 1965

Potte r

Single

Port land, OR

dottie@b0 tt0msup.com

Int erests: Art, Sailing

Seeking: Friends, Wom en to

da te

Potte r

Single

San F rancisco, CA

angelina@ starbuzzcoff ee.com

Jam ie Hamilton

B-day: 9/10/ 1964

Syste m Administra tor

Married

Sunnyva le, CA

d ontbother@ yahoo.cob.c om

Interests : Hiking, writ ing,

Seekin g: New job

New Jersey

lynnbeighley@gmail.com

Interests: Travel, writing, literature,

everything else

Interests: Travel, writing, literature,

everything else

Interests: Travel, writing, literature,

d ontbother@ yahoo.cob.c om

Chris Colema n

B-da y: 2/18/1969

Vintner

Sing le, gay (hmm , need to st art recordin g

gender?)

Na pa, CA

coleman @objectville diner.com

I nterests: wi ne, travel

Seeking: a big break

An gelina Mendo za

B-day: 8 /19/1979

U nix Sysadmin

Marrie d

San Francisco , CA

angeli na@starbuzz coffee.com

Interests: Acting, Danci ng

See king: Ne w job

coleman @objectville diner.com

I nterests: wi ne, travel

D ottie Ray

B-day: 3/13/1965

Potter

Single

Portland, OR

dot tie@b0tt0m sup.com

Interests : Art, Sailing

Se eking: Friend s, Women to

date

Sa n Antonio, T X

happysa ff@yahoo.co m

I nterests: RP G

B-day: 3/13/1965

Potter

Single

Portland, OR

dot tie@b0tt0m sup.com

Interests : Art, Sailing

Se eking: Friend s, Women to

date

Olivia Fader

B-day: 4/19/1966

Philosopher

Single

New York, NY

philosopher33@hotmail.com

Interests: nature, humanity

Seeking: Publisher!

Marrie d

Chr is Coleman

B-day: 2/ 18/1969

Vi ntner

Single, g ay (hmm, ne ed to start recording

gender?)

Napa, CA

coleman@o bjectvilledine r.com

Inte rests: wine, t ravel

Marrie d

B-day: 4/19/1966

San Francisco , CA

angeli na@starbuzz coffee.com

Interests: Acting, Danci ng

See king: Ne w job

San Francisco , CA

angeli na@starbuzz coffee.com

Interests: Acting, Danci ng

See king: Ne w job

Philosopher

Single

New York, NY

Lynn Beighley

B-day: ? ??

Tech Writer, Fiction Writer

Enga ged

New Jersey

l ynnbeighley@gmail.com

Interests: Travel, wr iting, literature,

everything else

Seeking: a big br eak

Lynn Beighley

John Spatner

B-day: 4/18/1963

Salesman

Happily Married

Woodstock, NU

jpoet@harvard.edu

Interests: Poetry, Screenplay writing

Seeking: Nothing at all

Lynn Beighley

B-day: ? ??

Lynn Beighley

B-day: ? ??

Lynn Beighley

Alan Soukup

B-day: 7/1 /1966

Aer onautical En gineer

Married

Sa n Antonio, T X

happysa ff@yahoo.co m

I nterests: RP G

Seekin g: Nothing

Tech Writer, Fiction Writer

Single, g ay (hmm, ne ed to start recording

John Sp atner

B -day: 4/18/ 1963

Salesm an

Happily Mar ried

Wood stock, NU

jpoet@har vard.edu

Int erests: Poet ry, Screenpla y writing

Seeking: Nothing at a ll

Alan S oukup

B-day: 7/1/ 1966

Aero nautical Eng ineer

Married

San Antonio, TX

happysaf f@yahoo.co m

In terests: RPG

Seeking : Nothing

Renee K roger

B-day: 12/3/ 1976

Unemp loyed

Divorced

San F ran, CA

poorrenee @mightygum ball.net

Int erests: Cook ing

Seeking: Job

B-day: 7/1/ 1966

Married

Napa, CA

B-day: 7/1/ 1966

Aero nautical Eng ineer

Sa n Antonio, T X

happysa ff@yahoo.co m

I nterests: RP G

Seekin g: Nothing

Interests: Travel, wr iting, literature,

Interests: Poetry, Screenplay writing

Seeking: Nothing at all

Wood stock, NU

jpoet@har vard.edu

Int erests: Poet ry, Screenpla y writing

Seeking: Nothing at a ll

jpoet@har vard.edu

John Spatner

B-day: 4/1 8/1963

Sale sman

Happily M arried

W oodstock, NU

jpoet@ harvard.edu

I nterests: Po etry, Screen play writing

Seekin g: Nothing a t all

Seeking: Nothing at a ll

Dottie Ray

B-day : 3/13/1965

Potter

Sing le

Portland , OR

do ttie@b0tt0 msup.com

Interest s: Art, Sailin g

S eeking: Frien ds, Women to

date

jpoet@ harvard.edu

I nterests: Po etry, Screen play writing

Seekin g: Nothing a t all

B-day : 3/13/1965

Missy Shatner

B-day: 4/17/1963

Stewardess

Happily Married

Woodside, NY

mshatner@yahoo.com

Interests: Poetry, Screenplay writing

Seeking: Nothing at all

Missy Shatner

B-day: 4/17/1963

Stewardess

Happily Married

Woodside, NY

mshatner@yahoo.com

Interests: Poetry, Screenplay writing

Saffyre Kroger

B-day: 10/30/1964

Secretary

Married

Montreal, Canada

happysaff@mightygumball.net

Interests: RPG

Seeking: Nothing

Lynn Beig hley

B-day: ???

Tech Wr iter, Fiction Writ er

relationship

New J ersey

lynnbeighley@ gmail.com

Inte rests: Travel, wri ting, literature,

everything else

Se eking: a big break

Lynn Beig hley

B-day: ???

Lynn Beig hley

B-day: ???

Lynn Beig hley

Tech Wr iter, Fiction Writ er

relationship

New J ersey

lynnbeighley@ gmail.com

Inte rests: Travel, wri ting, literature,

everything else

Inte rests: Travel, wri ting, literature,

everything else

Inte rests: Travel, wri ting, literature,

Randy Kade

B-da y: 2/13/197 6

Unemploy ed

Div orced

San Fran , CA

k ade_randy@h otmail.com

Intere sts: Cooking

Seeking: Job

Randy Kade

Gilligan McKinnon

B-day: 11/2/1961

Accountant

Single

Key West, FL

gilligan@boards-r-us.com

Interests: Pirates, Travel

Seeking: Women to date

Lyn n Beighley

B-day: ???

T ech Writer, Fiction W riter

Engaged

New Jersey

lynnbeig hley@gmail.com

Interests: Travel , writing, literature,

everyt hing else

Seeking: a big b reak

Interests: Poetry, Screenplay writing

T ech Writer, Fiction W riter

Alanna Mower

B-day: 4/19/1972

Painter

Committed Relationship

San Francisco, CA

alanna@angrypirate.com

Interests: Painting, Cooking

Seeking: Nothing

San Fran , CA

k ade_randy@h otmail.com

Intere sts: Cooking

Seeking: Job

T ech Writer, Fiction W riter

Key West, FL

gilligan@boards-r-us.com

Interests: Pirates, Travel

gilligan@boards-r-us.com

Interests: Pirates, Travel

Alanna Mower

Alan Souku p

B-d ay: 7/1/1966

Aeronaut ical Engineer

Ma rried

San Ant onio, TX

h appysaff@ya hoo.com

Intere sts: RPG

Seeking: No thing

Inte rests: Travel, wri ting, literature,

everything else

Inte rests: Travel, wri ting, literature,

everything else

Inte rests: Travel, wri ting, literature,

New Jersey

lynnbeig hley@gmail.com

New Jersey

lynnbeig hley@gmail.com

Marcus Welby

B-day: 6/2/1980

Doctor

Single

Boston, MA

doctormarc@yahoo.com

Interests: New disea ses

Seeking: Women to date

B-day: 4/19/1972

Committed Relationship

San Francisco, CA

alanna@angrypirate.com

Interests: Painting, Cooking

Seeking: Nothing

B-day: 4/19/1972

B-d ay: 7/1/1966

Aeronaut ical Engineer

lynnbeig hley@gmail.com

Interests: Travel , writing, literature,

everyt hing else

Interests: Travel , writing, literature,

everyt hing else

Interests: Travel , writing, literature,

lynnbeig hley@gmail.com

Interests: Travel , writing, literature,

lynnbeig hley@gmail.com

Interests: Travel , writing, literature,

Se eking: a big break

John Spatner

B-day: 4/18/1963

Salesman

Happily Married

Woodstock, NU

jpoet@harvard.edu

Interests: Poetry, Screenplay writing

Seeking: Nothing at all

San Ant onio, TX

h appysaff@ya hoo.com

Intere sts: RPG

Seeking: No thing

h appysaff@ya hoo.com

Seeking: a big b reak

Woodstock, NU

jpoet@harvard.edu

Interests: Poetry, Screenplay writing

Seeking: Nothing at all

Is there a better way to organize this information?

What would you do?

you are here 4 3

Peggy Murray

B-day: 8/22/1963

Nutritionist

Married

Natchez, MS

pjmurray@mightygumball.net

B-day: 10/30/1964

Secretary

Olivia Fader

B-day: 4/19/1966

Children’s Book Author

Married

Lynn Beighley

B-day: ?? ?

Lynn Beighley

B-day: ?? ?

Lynn Beighley

Tech Writer, Fiction Writer

New York, NY

ofader@hotmail.com

everything else

Interests: Travel, wr iting, literature,

Chris Colema n

B-da y: 2/18/1969

Chr is Coleman

B-day: 2/ 18/1969

Vi ntner

Single, g ay (hmm, ne ed to start recording

gender?)

Single, g ay (hmm, ne ed to start recording

gender?)

Single, g ay (hmm, ne ed to start recording

B-day: ? ??

Married

Sa n Antonio, T X

happysa ff@yahoo.co m

I nterests: RP G

Interests: Travel, wr iting, literature,

I nterests: Po etry, Screen play writing

Saffyre Kroger

B-day: 10/30/1964

Randy Kade

Gilligan McKinnon

B-day: 11/2/1961

Accountant

Single

Key West, FL

T ech Writer, Fiction W riter

lynnbeig hley@gmail.com

B-d ay: 7/1/1966

lynnbeig hley@gmail.com

Woodstock, NU

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