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English as a Second Language Podcast
www.eslpod.com
ENGLISH CAFÉ – 159
TOPICS
Famous Americans: William Randolph Hearst; what to call people from the top
five cities/states in the U.S.; please as the magic word; using an apostrophe (‘)
for possessive cases, remember versus remind
_____________
GLOSSARY
magnate – a person who is very important in a particular industry; someone who
is very powerful in a specific area of business
* Leona Lewis is a media magnate who owns 15 television stations, 30 radio
stations, and four major newspapers.
publisher – a person who is responsible for printing a newspaper, magazine, or
book
* Ceci was finally able to find a publisher for a books she wrote more than 10
years ago.
to put a lot of (something) into (something) – to invest a lot of something in a
project to make it better; to put a lot of time, energy, or money into something to
improve it
* Don’t laugh at the pictures the children drew! They put a lot of work into them.
municipal – city; relating to a city
* We need to find out what the municipal laws are about keeping a monkey
before we buy one as a pet.
corruption – bad or illegal things that people do, mostly people in government,
usually for money or power
* The new mayor said that he would not allow any corruption of city officials while
he’s mayor of the city.
circulation – the number of copies of a newspaper or magazine that is sold; the
number of people who read a particular newspaper or magazine
* The circulation of this magazine went up when they started putting pictures of
famous people on the cover.
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English as a Second Language Podcast
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ENGLISH CAFÉ – 159
yellow journalism – a type of reporting that focuses on very interesting stories
that are shocking and surprising, but that may not be completely true
* I used to read this newspaper every day, but now that the focus has turned to
yellow journalism, I’ve stopped reading it.
influence – the ability to affect what others think and how they act
* Do you know who will have influence over the decision of hiring a new
manager?
population – the number of people who live in a place, such as a city or state;
the number of people in a specific area
* The city’s population has grown over 10% in the past year.
to drop – to get rid of; to no longer use
* I used to get five movie channels on my cable TV service, but I dropped four of
them because didn’t have time to watch them.
to learn by heart – to memorize; to learn so that one can say something from
memory, without having to look it up or read it somewhere else first
* As a child, how old were you when you learned your home phone number by
heart?
to leave it at that – to keep it simple; to not take something any further
* We told Simone that we wouldn’t be going to the party and left it at that. We
didn’t want to explain why we had changed our minds.
please – a word used to make a request or question more polite
* Would you please close the door when you go outside so the cat doesn’t get
out?
to remind – to tell someone about something they may have forgotten; to make
a person aware of something so that he or she does not forget about it
* I’ll forget about the meeting a month from now if you don’t remind me.
to remember – to have something stay in your mind; to bring to your mind some
information or event from the past
* When Danny visited his hometown, he remembered many of the good times he
had growing up there as a child.
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English as a Second Language Podcast
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ENGLISH CAFÉ – 159
WHAT INSIDERS KNOW
Movie: Citizen Kane
When people in the movie “industry” (business) are asked to “name” (tell) the
best films of all time, the movie Citizen Kane is often “top” (is number one) on the
list. Citizen Kane was a movie directed by the well known director Orson Welles
in 1941. Many people believed that the story told in the movie was the life of
William Randolph Hearst.
The movie is about the life story of Charles Foster Kane. Kane started out in the
publishing business with good “intentions” (aim) to help people, but overtime, he
becomes a man “obsessed” (cannot think of anything else but this) with getting
more and more power. The story is told mainly in “flashbacks,” where we see
scenes from events in the past.
When the movie was “released” (shown to the public), Hearst did not allow any of
his newspapers to print anything about it. The movie was said to be a “hostile”
(very unfriendly) version of Hearst’s life. Hearst would invite Hollywood
celebrities to Hearst Castle, a large home on a hill not far from Los Angeles. In
exchange for being invited, the celebrities had to tell him secrets that he would
publish in his newspapers. The actors and directors were “resentful,” feeling as
though they were not being treated well or fairly. Citizen Kane was seen as
“payback” (revenge) for this and other things that Hearst did to get power using
his many newspapers.
Citizen Kane is often considered one of the most “innovative” (new and
advanced) films in the history of movies. A recent “poll” (survey) of film directors
and critics by the British Film Institute “ranked” (put on a list from best to worst)
Citizen Kane as the number one movie of all time. The American Film Institute
placed it at number one in a 2007 list of the 100 best U.S. movies in the history of
films.
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These materials are copyrighted by the Center for Educational Development (2008). Posting of
these materials on another website or distributing them in any way is prohibited.
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English as a Second Language Podcast
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ENGLISH CAFÉ – 159
COMPLETE TRANSCRIPT
You’re listening to ESL Podcast’s English Café number 159.
This is English as a Second Language Podcast’s English Café episode 159. I’m
your host, Dr. Jeff McQuillan, coming to you from the Center for Educational
Development in beautiful Los Angeles, California.
Visit our website at eslpod.com. Download this episode’s Learning Guide, an 8
to 10 page guide we provide for all of our current episodes that gives you some
additional help in improving your English. You can also take a look at our ESL
Podcast Store, with additional courses in daily and business English, as well as
our ESL Podcast Blog, where several times a week we provide some additional
help in improving your English.
On this Café, we’re going to continue our series on famous Americans, focusing
on William Randolph Hearst, who was very important in the newspaper industry
in the U.S. Then we’ll talk about what to call people from the most popular cities
and states in the United States, trying to find patterns or rules for creating those
words. For example, what do you call someone from New York City, or what do
you call someone from Chicago? We’ll give answers to those questions in this
Café. And as always, we’ll answer a few of your questions. Let’s get started.
This Café begins with a continuation of our series on famous Americans who
have been significant or important in U.S. history or culture. Today we’re going
to talk about Mr. William Randolph Hearst. William Randolph Hearst lived from
1863 to 1951, so a very long time.
Hearst was a newspaper magnate. The word “magnate” (magnate) here refers
to a person who is very important and powerful in a particular type of business –
a particular industry. Bill Gates could be called a magnate in the computer
industry. So, William Randolph Hearst was an American newspaper magnate
and a leader in his industry.
Hearst began his “career,” or his life’s work, with the newspaper called The San
Francisco Examiner. His father had actually owned the newspaper; he won it
while gambling with the owner. Some people gamble with 10 dollars or 20
dollars or 50 dollars. Well, William Randolph Hearst’s father gambled with
someone who owned a newspaper and he won the bet – he won the newspaper
– and he gave it to his son. This, of course, was back in the 19 th century.
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these materials on another website or distributing them in any way is prohibited.
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English as a Second Language Podcast
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ENGLISH CAFÉ – 159
Hearst became the newspaper’s “publisher,” or the person who is responsible for
getting the newspaper or a magazine or a book printed and distributed. Here at
ESL Podcast, Dr. Lucy Tse is sort of our publisher. She, of course, writes all of
our scripts and Learning Guides, helps make everything run smoothly without
any problems here. Hearst was the publisher for The San Francisco Examiner,
and he put a lot of money and time into the newspaper. “To put a lot of
something into something” means to invest a lot of something, usually money or
time, in a project to make it better. We put a lot of time into producing ESL
Podcast. You put a lot of time and effort – energy – into learning English. Hearst
put a lot of time and money into his newspaper, and it became very successful.
He made sure that the newspaper had a lot of “articles,” or stories, about
municipal corruption. “Municipal” (municipal) refers to the city or something
related to the city. “Corruption” are the bad things that people do in an
organization, often illegal things, especially government officials – government
workers. Well, Hearst was interested in municipal corruption, the things that
people did wrong in the city government. If someone who works for the
government, for example, takes money from a company and then changes the
law so that that company pays less in taxes, that might be considered an
example of government corruption.
Hearst’s newspaper had a lot of articles about municipal corruption. People were
very interested in these stories, and, of course, if they’re interested in the stories
they will buy more newspapers. Because of this, his circulation at The San
Francisco Examiner increased. “Circulation” is the number of copies of a
newspaper or magazine that are sold; it could also refer to the number of people
who read a particular newspaper or magazine. The largest newspapers here in
the United States have one to two million readers, people who read the
newspaper every week, especially the national newspapers like The Wall Street
Journal, USA Today, and The New York Times. Well, when Hearst increased his
newspaper circulation, he increased the number of people reading his
newspaper. And, of course, if more people read your newspaper you can sell
more advertisements and make more money.
As his success grew – as he became more successful – Hearst began to buy
and operate other newspapers. To continue to build his or increase his
circulation, he began something that would later be known as yellow journalism.
“Journalism” is a general term referring to reporting, finding information about a
topic, and writing an article – a story – in a newspaper or a magazine. Now, we
have television and radio journalism. Yellow journalism, however, is a specific
kind of reporting that is considered sensationalized. When we say something is
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