113295_ket_vocablist09.pdf

VOCABULARY LIST

Key English Test (KET)

Key English Test for Schools (KETfS)

Updated June 2009

KET Vocabulary List

Introduction to the KET Vocabulary List

The KET Vocabulary List gives teachers a guide to the vocabulary needed when preparing students

for the KET and KET for Schools examinations.

Background to the List

The KET Vocabulary List was originally developed by Cambridge ESOL in consultation with external

consultants to guide item writers who produce materials for the KET examination. It includes

vocabulary from the Council of Europe’s Waystage (1990) specification and other vocabulary which

has been shown by corpus evidence to be high-frequency.

The list covers vocabulary appropriate to this level of English and includes receptive vocabulary

(words that the candidate is expected to understand but which is not the focus of a question), and

productive vocabulary (words that the candidate needs to know in order to answer a question).

The list does not provide an exhaustive list of all words which appear on the KET and KET for

Schools question papers and candidates should not confine their study of vocabulary to the list

alone.

How the List is Updated

The vocabulary of English changes over time, with words being added and other words falling into

disuse. In order to maintain its currency, the list is updated on an annual basis by the addition and

removal of words, using a corpus-based approach. Suggested additions to the wordlist are collated

and the frequency of these words is obtained by reference to established corpora (electronic

databases). The corpora in question represent receptive and productive language in general

contexts. The main corpora used for the validation of the KET Vocabulary List are:

 the Cambridge Learner Corpus (CLC) which includes over 20 million words of written learner

English;

 the British National Corpus (BNC) which includes 100 million words of written and spoken native

speaker data.

Organisation of the List

 Word sets

Some categories of words a learner at this level might be expected to know are not included in the

alphabetical list but are listed separately. Words formed with common affixes, some compounds and

words from some common word sets, e.g. days of the week are described below and in Appendix 1.

Although some ‘grammar words’ (pronouns, modals, etc.) are included, the Language Specifications

section of the KET and KET for Schools Handbooks (available from www.cambridgeesol.org) should

be consulted for a more complete listing.

 Exemplification

Example phrases and sentences showing how words might be used are given only where words

with different meanings need to be constrained e.g. the use of bank is followed by ‘I changed my

money in a bank’ i.e. is limited to the idea of a financial institution: candidates are not expected to

know other meanings, such as ‘a river bank’.

 Prefixes and Suffixes

A list of possible prefixes and suffixes is provided in Appendix 2, and these may be combined with

the vocabulary items in the list as appropriate. Words with an affix which is not included in the

appendix are listed separately in the alphabetical list.

 Compound Words

Compound words are not included in the list where both individual words are present and the

meaning of the compound is literal and transparent, e.g. coursebook , school children , shopping

centre .

 Multi-word Verbs

All multi-word (or phrasal) verbs that a KET or KET for Schools candidate might be expected to

know are included in the list. These verbs include ‘literal’ verbs (i.e. where the meaning is

transparent) e.g. sit down , go out and ‘non-literal’ verbs e.g. look after , get up .

 Topic Lists

In Appendix 3 words have been grouped together under common KET and/or KET for Schools

themes, such as ‘House and Home’, ‘Work and Jobs’ and ‘Food and Drink’.

Unsuitable Topics

Cambridge ESOL examinations must not contain anything that might offend or upset candidates,

potentially affect their performance or distract them during the examination. A number of ‘sensitive’

topics are considered unsuitable for use in KET and KET for Schools, for example, war and politics,

and vocabulary relating to these is not included in the KET Vocabulary List.

Personal Vocabulary

The content of the KET Vocabulary List is general in nature and is unlikely to cover completely the

productive vocabulary that may be required by candidates. Candidates should know the specific

lexis they will need to describe themselves and their lives, for example, work, hobbies, likes and

dislikes.

Abbreviations

Abbreviations used in the Vocabulary List are:

abbrev abbreviation or acronym

adj adjective

adv adverb

Am Eng American English

art article

Br Eng British English

conj conjunction

det determiner

exclam exclamation

int interjection

n noun

phr v phrasal verb

plural

prep phr

prepositional phrase

pron

pronoun

sing

singular

verb

Summary of Points to be noted

 The list does not include every word that may appear on a KET or KET for Schools paper.

 The list covers receptive and productive vocabulary.

 The list is updated every year.

prep

preposition

angry (adj)

animal (n)

another (det & pron)

answer (n & v)

any (det and pron)

anybody (pron)

anyone (pron)

anything (pron)

anyway (adv)

anywhere (adv)

apartment (n)

apple (n)

appointment (n)

 an appointment with the doctor

area (n)

arm (n)

(a)round (adv & prep)

 to travel around (adv)

 to sit around the table (prep)

arrive (v)

art (n)

article (n)

 an article about skiing

artist (n)

as (prep)

 as good as

 as soon as possible

 the same as

ask (v)

assistant (n)

as well (adv)

as well as (prep phr)

at (prep)

at / @ (n)

 My email address is david@cambridgeesol.org

at all (adv)

 It doesn’t matter at all.

aunt (n)

autumn (n)

away (adv)

 He’s gone away.

 It’s two miles away.

a, an (art)

able (adj)

 be able to

about (adv & prep)

 What about a cold drink?

 I have about £3 . (adv)

 a book about animals (prep)

above (prep)

act (v)

accident (n)

across (prep)

 The bank’s across the road.

 He walked across the bridge.

activity (n)

actor (n)

actually (adv)

add (v)

address (n)

adult (adj & n)

advanced (adj)

adventure (n)

advertisement (n)

aeroplane (n)

afraid (adj)

after (adv & prep)

afternoon (n)

afterwards (adv)

again (adv)

against (prep)

 We watched England play against France.

age (n)

 I don’t know his age.

ago (adv)

agree (v)

 Yes, I agree with you.

 Don’t you agree, Sam?

air (n)

 to travel by air

airport (n)

all (det & pron)

all right/alright (adv)

almost (adv)

alone (adj & adv)

already (adv)

also (adv)

always (adv)

a.m. (adv)

amazing (adj)

ambulance (n)

among (prep)

and (conj)

baby (n)

back (n, adv & adj)

bad (adj)

bag (n)

ball (n)

banana (n)

band (n)

bank (n)

 I changed my money in the bank.

barbecue (n)

baseball (n)

basketball (n)

bath (n)

bathroom (n)

be (v)

beach (n)

bear (n)

beautiful (adj)

because (conj)

become (v)

bed (n)

bedroom (n)

before (adv & prep)

begin (v)

beginner (n)

behind (adv & prep)

believe (v)

belong (v)

below (prep)

belt (n)

between (prep)

bicycle (n)

big (adj)

bike (n)

bill (n)

 Can I have my bill, please?

bird (n)

birthday (n)

biscuit (n)

bit (n)

 Just a small bit of cake, please.

black (adj)

blanket (n)

blond(e) (adj)

blouse (n)

blue (adj)

board (n)

 The teacher’s writing on the

(black/white)board.

boat (n)

body (n)

boil (v)

book (n & v)

bookshelf (n)

bookshop (n)

boot (n)

 footballboots

bored (adj)

boring (adj)

born (adj)

 I was born in Manchester.

borrow (v)

 She borrowed a book from the library.

boss (n)

both (pron & det)

bottle (n)

bottom (n)

 at the bottom of the stairs

bowl (n)

box (n)

boy (n)

brake (n & v)

bread (n)

break (n & v)

 a break for lunch (n)

 Someone’s broken the window. (v)

breakfast (n)

bridge (n)

brilliant (adj)

 I thought the film was brilliant!

bring (v)

brother (n)

brown (adj)

build (v)

building (n)

burger (n)

burn (v)

 He has burnt his hand.

bus (n)

business (n)

businessman (n)

businesswoman (n)

bus station (n)

bus stop (n)

busy (adj)

but (conj)

butter (n)

buy (v)

by (prep)

cafe/café (n)

cake (n)

call (v)

 I’ll call (phone) again later this afternoon.

 He’scalledJohn.

camel (n)

camera (n)

camp (n & v)

campsite (n)

can (n & v)

canal (n)

car (n)

card (n)

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