Chinese.pdf

CHINESE

WORDS + PHRASES + CONVERSATIONS

Beginner Level Chinese Program

Transcript

iKnow

Welcome to Living Language iKnow Chinese . This audio ﬂ ash card

program lets you see and hear all of the essential words, phrases, and

conversations that you need to get by in Mandarin Chinese. Just listen

to the native speakers of Mandarin Chinese and repeat in the pauses.

Pīnyīn

Pronunciation

Examples

ds in yar ds

zuŏ ( left )

ts in i ts

cóng ( from )

Before we look at any Chinese words, let’s ﬁ rst learn a little about

Chinese pronunciation.

dg in ju dg e

zhú ( bamboo )

dy in and yet

jiŭ ( nine )

Each word in Chinese is pronounced with one of four tones. They’re

written here over the vowel a , which is pronounced similarly to the

vowel in John. Imagine saying the name John in the following contexts:

ty in won ’t y ou

qián ( money )

sh in sh oe

xièxie ( thank

you )

Tone

Example Description

ee in see

bĭ ( pen )

First tone

High.

Sing “ John .”

i (after z, c,

s, zh, ch, sh, r )

r in thunder

sĭ ( to die )

Second tone á

From middle to high, as in asking a

question.

“ John ? Is that you?”

oa in float

yŏu ( to have )

weigh

shuĭ ( water )

(when ü combines

with j, q, x, and y,

the two dots above

the letter can be

omitted)

like ee in see , but

with lips rounded

into a pout (German

hübsch , French tu )

Third tone

From middle to low, and then to high,

as if stretching out a question.

“ Jo- o- o- hn , what do you think?”

qù ( to go ),

n ü ( female )

Fourth tone

From high to low, as if answering a

question.

“Who’s there?” “ John .”

are

ĕrduo ( ear )

There is also a neutral tone, which has no mark: a. As the name

implies, it is pronounced neutrally, without any emphasis or tone.

As a helpful introduction to the Chinese writing system, all of the

words, phrases, and sentences below are also written in Chinese

characters.

If there are two third tones in a row ( Nĭ hăo ma? ), the ﬁ rst third tone

is pronounced in the second tone, even though it is still written in

the third tone.

Okay, ready to get started?

The Chinese words, phrases, and conversations in iKnow Chinese are

written in pīnyīn , the standard romanization alphabet for Mandarin

Chinese used in mainland China. Pīnyīn was designed for people

who do not read Chinese characters to read Chinese sounds. Here is

a pronunciation guide to some pīnyīn letters, and combinations of

letters, that sound diﬀ erent than those in English:

Action Phrases: Watch Out!

Kuài diăn lái!

Come quickly!

Bú yòng găn./Bié jíjímángmáng.

Don’t rush.

Kuài yìdiăn er!/Kuài yìxiē!

Hurry up! (lit., More fast!)

Wŏ măshàng lái!

I’m coming right away!

Kuài diăn er!

Quickly!

Wŏ gēn wŏ(de) dìdi huòzhĕ

mèimei qù.

I’m going with my younger brother or

with my younger sister.

gōngyù dàlóu

apartment building

Wŏ xiànzài jiù lái.

I’m coming right now.

Màn diăn er.

Slower.

miànbāodiàn

bakery

Wŏ lái le!

I’m coming!

bù jiŭ

soon

Nĭ qù háishì tā qù?

You go or he/she goes? (informal)

yínháng

bank

Wŏ zài găn shíjiān.

I’m in a hurry. (lit., I am rushing time.)

tūrán

suddenly

Wŭ diăn háishì qī diăn?

Five o’clock or seven o’clock?

shūdiàn

bookstore

Wŏ bù găn shíjiān.

I’m not in a hurry.

hĕn kuài

very soon

Nán háishì nü ?

Male or female?

dàlóu/dàshà

building

Măshàng.

Immediately./Right away.

Xiăoxīn!

Watch out! (lit., Be careful!)

Wŏ xiăng qù, kĕshì wŏ bù zhīdào

shénme shíhou.

I want to go, but I don’t know when.

gōngchē

bus

hòulái

later

And, Or, But

Wŏ xiăng qù, kĕshì wŏ bù néng qù.

I want to go, but I can’t go.

ròudiàn

butcher shop

Zánmen zŏu ba!

Let’s go!

Jiāmíng hé Jiāqiáng shì xiōngdì.

Jiaming and Jiaqiang are brothers.

Wŏ qù kĕshì tā bú qù.

I’m going but he/she isn’t going.

kāfēidiàn

café, coﬀ ee shop

xiànzài

now, right now

mŭqīn hé nü ’ér

mother and daughter

Around Town

chē

car

Dĕng yíhuì er!

One moment!/Just a minute!

(lit., Wait a moment!)

wŭ kuài huòzhĕ liù kuài

five or six dollars

fēijī

airplane

jiàotáng

church

fēijīchăng

airport

shìzhèngfŭ/shìzhèng dàlóu

city hall, municipal building

shìchăng

market

shāngdiàn

store

chéngzhèn

town

chéng(shì)

city, urban

shìzhăng

mayor

jiē

street

jiāotōng

tra c

fúzhuāngdiàn

clothing store

qīngzhēnsì

mosque

lùdēng

streetlight

huŏchē

train

băihuò shāngdiàn

department store

jìn

near

jiāoqū/shìjiāo

suburban

huŏchēzhàn

train station

yàofáng

drugstore, pharmacy

gōngyuán

park

dìtiĕ

subway, metro

cūnzhuāng

village

diànzĭ qìjiàn shāngdiàn

electronics store

cānguăn/fànguăn

restaurant

chāojí shìchăng

supermarket

Asking Directions

yuăn

far

nóngcūn/xiāngxià

rural

chūzūchē

taxi

Qĭngwèn . . . zài nă er?

May I ask, where is . . . ?

shízì lùkŏu

intersection

xiédiàn

shoe store

miàoyŭ/sìyuàn

temple

. . . zŏu

Go . . . /Walk . . .

lùdēngzhù/dēnggăn

lamppost

rénxíngdào

sidewalk

măi

to buy

Y ì zhí wăng qián zŏu.

Go straight ahead.

túshūguăn

library

chéngzhèn yóulăn

sightseeing around town

qù măi dōngxi

to go shopping

Wăng nèibiān zŏu.

Go that way.

Wăng huí qù.

Go back.

At Home

Zhuăn . . .

Turn . . .

zài . . . pángbian

next to . . .

shénme

what

gōngyù

apartment

Wăng yòu zhuăn.

Turn right.

jiāotōngdēng

traﬀ ic light

Nĭde diànyóu dìzhĭ shì shénme?

What is your email address?

(informal)

zài jiā lĭ

at home

Wăng zuŏ zhuăn.

Turn left.

(mă)lù

road, street

sheí

who

yùshì/wèishēngjiān

bathroom

Zhuăn wān.

Turn around.

shízì lùkŏu

intersection

Tā shì sheí?

Who is that? (lit., He/She is who?)

wòfáng/wòshì

bedroom

zŏu dào tóu

at the end of the street

gōngyuán

(public) park

shénme shíhou

when

dà/xiăo

big/small

dào jiējiăo

on the corner

gōnggòng qìchēzhàn

(public) bus stop

Fēijī shénme shíhou dĭdá?

When does the plane arrive?

dìtăn

carpet

Dì yī ge lùkŏu xiàng zuŏ zhuăn.

Take the ﬁ rst left.

dìtiĕzhàn

subway station

zĕn(me)yàng

how

guāngdiéjī

CD player

lü guăn

hotel

Dì èr ge lùkŏu xiàng yòu zhuăn.

Take the second right.

Zĕn(me)yàng dă diànhuà gĕi

Mĕiguó?

How do I call the U.S.?

tiānhuābăn

ceiling

Asking Questions

Lí de jìn ma?

Is it near?

yĭzi

chair

(zài) năli/(zài) nă er (used in

northern China)

where

duōshăo

how much, how many

Lí de yuăn ma?

Is it far?

bìchú/yīguì

closet

Chūkŏu zài nă er?

Where is the exit?

Zhè shì duōshăo qián?

How much (money) does this cost?

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