Structural Foundation Designers' Manual.pdf

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Structural Foundation
Designers’ Manual
W.G. Curtin , MEng, PhD, FEng, FICE, FIStructE, MConsE
G. Shaw , CEng, FICE, FIStructE, MConsE
G.I. Parkinson , CEng, FICE, FIStructE, MConsE
J.M. Golding , BSc, MS, CEng, MICE, FIStructE
Second Edition revised by
N.J. Seward , BSc(Hons), CEng, FIStructE, MICE
353183901.004.png 353183901.005.png
© Estates of W.G. Curtin and G. Shaw, together with G.I. Parkinson, J.M. Golding and N.J. Seward 2006
44 (0)1865 776868
Blackwell Publishing Inc., 350 Main Street, Malden, MA 02148-5020, USA
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+
1 781 388 8250
Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd, 550 Swanston Street, Carlton, Victoria 3053, Australia
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The right of the Author to be identified as the Author of this Work has been asserted in accordance with
the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or
transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or
otherwise, except as permitted by the UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, without the prior
permission of the publisher.
First published 1994 by Blackwell Science
Reissued in paperback 1997
Second edition published 2006 by Blackwell Publishing
ISBN-10: 1-4051-3044-X
ISBN-13: 978-1-4051-3044-8
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Structural foundation designers’ manual / W.G. Curtin...[et al.]. – 2nd ed. rev. by N.J. Seward.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 1-4051-3044-X (alk. paper)
1. Foundations. 2. Structural design. I. Curtin, W.G. (William George). II. Seward, N.J.
TA775.S75 2006
624.1
′
A catalogue record for this title is available from the British Library
Set in 9/12 pt Palatino
by Graphicraft Limited, Hong Kong
Printed and bound in Singapore
by Utopia Printers
The publisher’s policy is to use permanent paper from mills that operate a sustainable forestry policy, and
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Furthermore, the publisher ensures that the text paper and cover board used have met acceptable
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Blackwell Publishing editorial offices:
Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford OX4 2DQ, UK
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Dedication
This book is dedicated to Bill Curtin who died suddenly in
November 1991 following a short illness.
Bill’s contribution to the book at that time was all but
complete and certainly well ahead of his co-authors. It is a
source of sadness that Bill did not have the pleasure and
satisfaction of seeing the completed publication but his
input and enthusiasm gave his co-authors the will to com-
plete their input and progress the book to completion.
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Contents
Preface
xi
1.11.3 Example 8: Reliability of
the soils investigation
Preface to First Edition
xii
13
1.11.4 Example 9: Deterioration of
ground exposed by excavation
The Book’s Structure and What It Is About
xiii
13
1.11.5 Example 10: Effect of new
foundation on existing structure
Acknowledgements
xiv
14
Authors’ Biographies
xv
1.12 Design procedures
14
1.13 References
14
Notation
xvi
2 Soil Mechanics, Lab Testing and Geology
15
PART 1: APPROACH AND FIRST
CONSIDERATIONS
1
A: Soil mechanics
15
2.1
Introduction to soil mechanics
15
1 Principles of Foundation Design
3
2.2
Pressure distribution through ground
15
2.3
Bearing capacity
17
1.1
Introduction
3
2.3.1
Introduction to bearing capacity
17
1.2
Foundation safety criteria
3
2.3.2
Main variables affecting bearing
capacity
1.3
Bearing capacity
4
19
1.3.1
Introduction
4
2.3.3
Bearing capacity and bearing
pressure
1.3.2
Bearing capacity
4
19
1.3.3
Presumed bearing value
4
2.3.4
Determination of ultimate
bearing capacity
1.3.4
Allowable bearing pressure
5
20
1.3.5
Non-vertical loading
5
2.3.5
Safe bearing capacity –
cohesionless soils
1.4
Settlement
6
21
1.5
Limit state philosophy
7
2.3.6
Safe bearing capacity –
cohesive soils
1.5.1
Working stress design
7
22
1.5.2
Limit state design
7
2.3.7
Safe bearing capacity –
combined soils
1.6
Interaction of superstructure and soil
8
22
1.6.1
Example 1: Three pinned arch
8
2.4
Settlement
22
1.6.2
Example 2: Vierendeel
superstructure
2.4.1
Introduction to settlement
22
8
2.4.2
Void ratio
23
1.6.3
Example 3: Prestressed brick
diaphragm wall
2.4.3
Consolidation test
23
8
2.4.4
Coefficient of volume
compressibility
1.6.4
Example 4: Composite
deep beams
24
9
2.4.5
Magnitude and rate of settlement
25
1.6.5
Example 5: Buoyancy raft
9
2.4.6
Settlement calculations
25
1.7
Foundation types
9
2.5
Allowable bearing pressure
26
1.7.1
Pad foundations
10
2.6
Conclusions
26
1.7.2
Strip footings
10
1.7.3
Raft foundations
10
B: Laboratory testing
26
1.7.4
Piled foundations
11
2.7
Introduction to laboratory testing
26
1.8
Ground treatment (geotechnical
processes)
2.8
Classification (disturbed sample tests)
26
11
2.8.1
Particle size and distribution
26
1.9
Changes of soil properties during
excavation
2.8.2
Density
27
12
2.8.3
Liquidity and plasticity
29
1.10 Post-construction foundation failure
12
2.8.4
General
29
1.11 Practical considerations
13
2.9
Undisturbed sample testing
29
1.11.1 Example 6: Excavation in
waterlogged ground
2.9.1
Moisture content
29
13
2.9.2
Shear strength
29
1.11.2 Example 7: Variability of
ground conditions
2.9.3
Consolidation tests
(oedometer apparatus)
13
29
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