Solar_Systems_north_heat_shade_EN_INVENTUX.pdf

Anyone can

do south ...

We can do

north, too

In order to achieve optimum energy

yields, solar photovoltaic systems

should be oriented directly south.

Unfortunately, this ideal case is not

always possible.

The solution for

diffuse irradiation

Solar irradiation in Central Europe *

When purchasing solar modules,

many clients allow themselves to be

guided by theoretically determined

efﬁciency levels simulated under

laboratory conditions (STC 1 ). The

average values in reality (MFC 2 ) differ

greatly, however, in accordance with

the “real” module efﬁciency.

160

Direct irradiation

Diffuse irradiation

! Problem:

The STC simulation is

solely based on direct

solar irradiation of

1,000 W/m 2 .

120

In addition to the orientation toward the

sky, the inclination of solar photovoltaic

modules also determines the energy

yield. An inclination between 25° und 30°

is optimal, but not always possible. Both

problems are often solved with expensi-

ve and space-intensive elevation of the

modules.

J F M A M J J A S O N D

Month

Low light performance of Inventux modules **

Solar irradiation example:

For an irradiation of 1,000 W/m 2 , the sun

would need to shine onto the module

from directly overhead, unhindered

by smog or clouds. In reality, however,

nearly 60 % of solar irradiation is diffuse

and is considerably under 1,000 W/m 2 .

Inventux modules use this diffuse irradi-

ation better than many other modules,

providing high yields even in low light.

Inventux Plus:

Optimal energy output

even with irradiation

under 800 Watts

(approx. 80 % of

European irradiation

conditions).

Inventux modules have excellent perfor-

mance in low light and absorb a wider

light spectrum due to their tandem struc-

ture. This allows Inventux modules to be

used proﬁtably in nearly any orientation

toward the sky and with nearly any roof

inclination.

1,2

STC Inventux

modules

Crystalline

modules

0.8

58 % of the average

irradiation in Europe

0.4

Additional

yield with

Inventux

MFC

Irradiation

[W/m 2 ]

200

400 600 800 1000

1) Standard Test Conditions 2) Most Frequent Conditions

*Source: Photovoltaische Anlagen DGS 2008 **Source: Solar Engineering GmbH, OC Oerlikon and own measurements

Anyone can

do cool ...

We can do

heat, too

Due to a physical effect, all modules

decline in performance as temperatures

rise – most of them signiﬁcantly.

The solution for

high temperatures

Actual module temperatures *

! Problem:

In order to reach the

STC simulation module

temperature of 25 °C bei

1,000 W/m 2 irradiation,

the ambient temperature

needs to be -13 °C!

In addition, the temperature of the solar

modules is always much higher than the

ambient temperature. Depending on irra-

diation, this can be around 20 °C more.

For most laboratory simulations

(STC 1 ) for determining the theoreti-

cal efﬁciency of a solar photovoltaic

module, calculations are based on

a module temperature of 25 °C and

1,000 W/m 2 of irradiation.

30 °C

20 °C

10 °C

ambient temp.

Range of average module temperature in Europe

-13 °C

ambient temp.

STC

Due to its excellent temperature perfor-

mance, the performance loss for Inventux

solar photovoltaic modules is minimised,

i.e. they maintain a large part of their efﬁ-

ciency even as temperatures rise. As a re-

sult, they deliver a higher speciﬁc energy

yield than many other solar photovoltaic

modules, especially crystalline ones.

-10

Irradiation

[Watt]

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200

Depending on the actual ambient

temperature, the average module

temperature in Europe is between

40 and 65°C (MFC 2 ), depending on

irradiation. Many solar photovoltaic

modules have a large drop in perfor-

mance in precisely this range. This

effect is minimised with Inventux

modules.

Temperature performance of Inventux modules **

120

Inventux

modules

Crystalline

modules

Additional

yield with

Inventux

Inventux Plus:

Increasing energy yield

and returns with higher

temperatures when

compared to crystalline

modules.

STC

Range of average module

temperature in Europe

100

MFC

Module

temperature

[°C]

20 30 40 50 60 70

1) Standard Test Conditions 2) Most Frequent Conditions

*Source: Calculation performed using ISFH Hameln/Emmerthal model **Source: Own measurements at the Photovoltaik-Institut Berlin

25 35 45 55 65

Anyone can

do sunshine ...

We can do

shade, too

Wherever there is sun, there are often

shadows as well. This causes most

solar photovoltaic modules to decline

signiﬁcantly in performance.

The solution for

leaves and snow

The shading of one single cell can often

reduce the yield of the entire solar photo-

voltaic system. Like a chain reaction, the

performance of the cells connected in

series is interrupted, impairing the energy

ﬂow across a large surface..

The cells of traditional crystalline

solar photovoltaic modules are

square in structure. An individual

cell can thus be much more easily

covered by leaves or snow. This is a

common cause for abrupt perfor-

mance loss and low energy yield of

the entire system.

The slender “pin stripe” cell design of the

Inventux solar modules prevents this, sin-

ce the shading of an entire cell is nearly

impossible. This allows Inventux modu-

les to give you the highest energy yield

– even if your solar photovoltaic system

is in a less-than-ideal location, such as in

close proximity to trees.

Inventux solar modules have a long,

slender cell structure – complete

shading of a cell is thus nearly im-

possible. Even when there is partial

shading of the cells, the generated

electricity continues to ﬂow through

the module in an almost unhindered

manner.

100 %

75 %

50 %

Shading of a crystalline cell

causes a loss of approx.

50% in the modulel.

50 %

Shading of a thin-ﬁlm cell

causes a loss of < 10% in

the module.

50 %

90 %

25 %

0 %

Plik z chomika:

Inne pliki z tego folderu:

Inne foldery tego chomika: