25.Thinking Arabic Translation A Course in Translation Method Arabic to English.pdf
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THINKING
ARABIC
TRANSLATION
A Course in Translation Method:
Arabic to English
James Dickins
Sandor Hervey
Ian Higgins
I�
��o�:��n�5��UP
LONDON AND NEW YORK
First published 2002
by Routledge
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX 14 4RN
Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada
by Routledge
270 Madison Ave, New York, NY 1016
Reprinted in 2005
Transferred to Digital Printing 2006
Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor
&
Fancis Group
©
2002 James Dickins, Sandor Hervey, [an Higgins
Typeset in Times by [an Higgins, Cupar, Fife
Printed and bound in Great Britain by TJI Digital, Padstow, Conwall
All rights reseved. No part of this book may be reprinted or
reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical
or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including
photocopying and rcording, or in any information storage or
retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.
Publisher's Note
This book has been prepared from camera-ready copy provided by the authors
British Libray Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this bok is available from the British Library
Libay of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
A catalog record for this book has been requested.
ISBN 0-415-2504-1 (hbk)
0-415-25065-x (pbk)
Contents
Acnowledgements
l
Inroduction
1
1
Preliminaries to ranslation as a process
6
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
Basic definitions
Inter-emiotic translation
Intralingual translation
Interlingual translation
6
7
8
10
Practical1.1 Intralingual translation: 'Today I attempted'
Practical1.2 Gist ranslation:
��I L�I �
12
13
2
Preliminaries to ranslation as a product
15
2.1
2.1.1
2.1.2
2.1.3
2.1.4
2.1.5
2.2
2.2.1
2.2.2
2.2.2.1
2.2.2.2
2.2.2.3
Degrees of feedom in translation
Interlinear translation
Literal translation
Free ranslation
Communicative translation
From interliner to free translation
quivalence and translation loss
quivalence
Translation loss
Translation by omission
Trnslation by addition
Controlling translation loss
15
15
16
16
17
1
7
18
19
21
23
24
25
,
J
�
J
Practical2.2 Degrees of feedom in translation:
oi J� Ij..
�
25
27
Practical2.1 Literal vs balanced translation:
�WI
vi
Contents
3
Cultural ransposition
29
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
Basic principles
Exoticism
Calque
Cultural ransplantation
Cultural borrowing
Communicative translation
Transliterating names
29
29
31
32
32
35
35
Practical3.1 Cultural transposition:
�1
J�
0S
�J
36
a....!
lA
�J
Practical3.2 Cultural transposition:
38
4
Compensation
40
4.1
4.2
Basic principles
Categories of compensation
40
44
Practical4.1 Compensation:
�
I
J�J
I
.
W
I
J �
49
51
Practical4.2 Compensation:
?�
I�IJ
>. 01
5
Denotative meaning and ranslation issues
52
5.1
5.1.1
5.1.2
5.1.3
5.1.4
5.2
5.2.1
Denotative meaning
Synonymy
Hyperonymy-hyponymy
Particularizing ranslation and generalizing translation
Partially overlapping translation
Semantic repetition in Arabic
Other forms of parallelism
52
52
54
56
57
59
62
Practical 5.1 Denotative meaning:
i�I ��I
.ll
Practical 5.2 Denotative meaning and semantic repetition:
jJJ1
,�iIIaJ
63
64
6
Connotative meaning and translation issues
66
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6
6.7
Basic principles
Attitudinal meaning
Associative meaning
Affective meaning
Allusive meaning
Collocation and collocative meaning
Reflected meaning
66
66
68
6
9
70
71
72
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