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LM1036 Dual DC Operated Tone/Volume/Balance Circuit
April 1995
LM1036 Dual DC Operated
Tone/Volume/Balance Circuit
General Description
The LM1036 is a DC controlled tone (bass/treble), volume
and balance circuit for stereo applications in car radio, TV
and audio systems. An additional control input allows loud-
ness compensation to be simply effected.
Four control inputs provide control of the bass, treble, bal-
ance and volume functions through application of DC volt-
ages from a remote control system or, alternatively, from
four potentiometers which may be biased from a zener regu-
lated supply provided on the circuit.
Each tone response is defined by a single capacitor chosen
to give the desired characteristic.
Features
Y
Wide supply voltage range, 9V to 16V
Y
Large volume control range, 75 dB typical
Y
Tone control,
g
15 dB typical
Y
Channel separation, 75 dB typical
Y
Low distortion, 0.06% typical for an input level of 0.3
Vrms
Y
High signal to noise, 80 dB typical for an input level of
0.3 Vrms
Y
Few external components required
Block and Connection Diagram
Dual-In-Line Package
TL/H/5142±1
Order Number LM1036N
See NS Package Number N20A
C
1995 National Semiconductor Corporation
TL/H/5142
RRD-B30M115/Printed in U. S. A.
Absolute Maximum Ratings
If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required,
please contact the National Semiconductor Sales
Office/Distributors for availability and specifications.
Supply Voltage
Operating Temperature Range
0
§
Cto
a
70
§
C
Storage Temperature Range
b
65
§
Cto
a
150
§
C
Power Dissipation
1W
16V
Lead Temp. (Soldering, 10 seconds)
260
§
C
Control Pin Voltage (Pins 4, 7, 9, 12, 14)
V
CC
Electrical Characteristics
V
CC
e
12V, T
A
e
25
§
C (unless otherwise stated)
Parameter
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Units
Supply Voltage Range
Pin 11
9
16
V
Supply Current
35
45
mA
Zener Regulated Output
Pin 17
Voltage
5.4
V
Current
5
mA
Maximum Output Voltage
Pins 8, 13; f
e
1 kHz
V
CC
e
9V, Maximum Gain
0.8
Vrms
V
CC
e
12V
0.8
1.0
Vrms
Maximum Input Voltage
Pins 2, 19; f
e
1 kHz, V
CC
e
9V
1.1
Vrms
(Note 1)
Flat Response, V
CC
e
12V
1.3
1.6
Vrms
Gain
eb
10 dB
Input Resistance
Pins 2, 19; f
e
1 kHz
20
30
k
X
Output Resistance
Pins 8, 13; f
e
1 kHz
20
X
Maximum Gain
V(Pin 12)
e
V(Pin 17); f
e
1 kHz
b
2
0
2
dB
Volume Control Range
f
e
1 kHz
70
75
dB
Gain Tracking
f
e
1 kHz
Channel 1±Channel 2
0 dB through
b
40 dB
1
3
dB
b
40 dB through
b
60 dB
2
dB
Balance Control Range
Pins 8, 13; f
e
1 kHz
1
dB
b
26
b
20
dB
Bass Control Range
f
e
40 Hz, C
b
e
0.39
m
F
(Note 2)
V(Pin 14)
e
V(Pin 17)
12
15
18
dB
V(Pin 14)
e
0V
b
12
b
15
b
18
dB
Treble Control Range
f
e
16 kHz, C
t
,
e
0.01
m
F
(Note 2)
V(Pin 4)
e
V(Pin 17)
12
15
18
dB
V(Pin 4)
e
0V
b
12
b
15
b
18
dB
Total Harmonic Distortion
f
e
1 kHz, V
IN
e
0.3 Vrms
Gain
e
0 dB
0.06
0.3
%
Gain
eb
30 dB
0.03
%
Channel Separation
f
e
1 kHz, Maximum Gain
60
75
dB
Signal/Noise Ratio
Unweighted 100 Hz±20 kHz
80
dB
Maximum Gain, 0 dB
e
0.3 Vrms
CCIR/ARM (Note 3)
Gain
e
0 dB, V
IN
e
0.3 Vrms
75
79
dB
Gain
eb
20 dB, V
IN
e
1.0 Vrms
72
dB
Output Noise Voltage at
CCIR/ARM (Note 3)
10
16
m
V
Minimum Gain
Supply Ripple Rejection
200 mVrms, 1 kHz Ripple
35
50
dB
Control Input Currents
Pins 4, 7, 9, 12, 14 (V
e
0V)
b
0.6
b
2.5
m
A
Frequency Response
b
1 dB (Flat Response
250
kHz
20 Hz±16 kHz)
Note 1: The maximum permissible input level is dependent on tone and volume settings. See Application Notes.
Note 2: The tone control range is defined by capacitors C
b
and C
t
. See Application Notes.
Note 3: Gaussian noise, measured over a period of 50 ms per channel, with a CCIR filter referenced to 2 kHz and an average-responding meter.
2
Typical Performance Characteristics
Volume Control
Balance Control
Characteristics
Characteristic
Tone Control Characteristic
Tone Characteristic (Gain
Tone Characteristic (Gain
vs Frequency)
Loudness Compensated
Volume Characteristic
vs Frequency)
Input Signal Handling vs
Channel Separation vs
Frequency
Supply Voltage
THD vs Gain
Loudness Control
Output Noise Voltage
vs Gain
Characteristic
THD vs Input Voltage
TL/H/5142±2
3
Application Notes
TONE RESPONSE
The maximum boost and cut can be optimized for individual
applications by selection of the appropriate values of C
t
(tre-
ble) and C
b
(bass).
The tone responses are defined by the relationships:
LOUDNESS COMPENSATION
A simple loudness compensation may be effected by apply-
ing a DC control voltage to pin 7. This operates on the tone
control stages to produce an additional boost limited by the
maximum boost defined by C
b
and C
t
. There is no loudness
compensation when pin 7 is connected to pin 17. Pin 7 can
be connected to pin 12 to give the loudness compensated
volume characteristic as illustrated without the addition of
further external components. (Tone settings are for flat re-
sponse, C
b
and C
t
as given in Application Circuit.) Modifica-
tion to the loudness characteristic is possible by changing
the capacitors C
b
and C
t
for a different basic response or,
by a resistor network between pins 7 and 12 for a different
threshold and slope.
SIGNAL HANDLING
The volume control function of the LM1036 is carried out in
two stages, controlled by the DC voltage on pin 12, to im-
prove signal handling capability and provide a reduction of
output noise level at reduced gain. The first stage is before
the tone control processing and provides an initial 15 dB of
gain reduction, so ensuring that the tone sections are not
overdriven by large input levels when operating with a low
volume setting. Any combination of tone and volume set-
tings may be used provided the output level does not ex-
ceed 1 Vrms, V
CC
e
12V (0.8 Vrms, V
CC
e
9V). At reduced
gain (
kb
6 dB) the input stage will overload if the input level
exceeds 1.6 Vrms, V
CC
e
12V (1.1 Vrms, V
CC
e
9V). As
there is volume control on the input stages, the inputs may
be operated with a lower overload margin than would other-
wise be acceptable, allowing a possible improvement in sig-
nal to noise ratio.
1
a
0.00065 (1
b
a
b)
j
0
C
b
Bass Response
e
0.00065a
b
j
0
C
b
1
a
Treble Response
e
1
a
j
0
5500(1
b
a
t
)C
t
1
a
j
0
5500a
t
C
t
Where a
b
e
a
t
e
0 for maximum bass and treble boost re-
spectively and a
b
e
a
t
e
1 for maximum cut.
For the values of C
b
and C
t
of 0.39
m
F and 0.01
m
Fas
shown in the Application Circuit, 15 dB of boost or cut is
obtained at 40 Hz and 16 kHz.
ZENER VOLTAGE
A zener voltage (pin 17
e
5.4V) is provided which may be
used to bias the control potentiometers. Setting a DC level
of one half of the zener voltage on the control inputs, pins 4,
9, and 14, results in the balanced gain and flat response
condition. Typical spread on the zener voltage is
g
100 mV
and this must be taken into account if control signals are
used which are not referenced to the zener voltage. If this is
the case, then they will need to be derived with similar accu-
racy.
4
Application Circuit
TL/H/5142±3
Applications Information
OBTAINING MODIFIED RESPONSE CURVES
The LM1036 is a dual DC controlled bass, treble, balance
and volume integrated circuit ideal for stereo audio systems.
In the various applications where the LM1036 can be used,
there may be requirements for responses different to those
of the standard application circuit given in the data sheet.
This application section details some of the simple varia-
tions possible on the standard responses, to assist the
choice of optimum characteristics for particular applications.
TONE CONTROLS
Summarizing the relationship given in the data sheet, basi-
cally for an increase in the treble control range C
t
must be
increased, and for increased bass range C
b
must be re-
duced.
Figure 1 shows the typical tone response obtained in the
standard application circuit. (C
t
e
0.01
m
F, C
b
e
0.39
m
F).
Response curves are given for various amounts of boost
and cut.
Figures2 and 3 show the effect of changing the response
defining capacitors C
t
and C
b
to 2Ct, C
b
/2 and 4C
t
,C
b
/4
respectively, giving increased tone control ranges. The val-
ues of the bypass capacitors may become significant and
affect the lower frequencies in the bass response curves.
TL/H/5142±5
FIGURE 2. Tone Characteristic (Gain vs Frequency)
TL/H/5142±4
FIGURE 1. Tone Characteristic (Gain vs Frequency)
TL/H/5142±6
FIGURE 3. Tone Characteristic (Gain vs Frequency)
5
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